Refugee Research Network

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Open Access
A mile in their shoes: understanding healthcare journeys of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK
(International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care, 2024-04-01) Talks, Isobel; Al Mobarak, Buthena; Katona, Cornelius; Hunt, Jane; Winters, Niall; Geniets, Anne
Purpose Refugees and asylum seekers worldwide face numerous barriers in accessing health systems. The evidence base regarding who and what helps refugees and asylum seekers facilitate access to and the navigation of the health system in the UK is small. This study aims to address this gap by analysing 14 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with refugees and asylum seekers of different countries of origin in the UK to identify where, when and how they came into contact with the health-care system and what the outcome of these interactions was. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were chosen as the key method for this study. In total, 14 individual interviews were conducted. A trauma-informed research approach was applied to reduce the risk of re-traumatising participants. Findings The paper identifies key obstacles as well as “facilitators” of refugees’ and asylum seekers’ health-care experience in the UK and suggests that host families, friends and third-party organisations all play an important role in ensuring refugees and asylum seekers receive the healthcare they need. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first qualitative study in the UK that looks at comprehensive health journeys of refugees from their first encounter with health services through to secondary care, highlighting the important role along the way of facilitators such as host families, friends and third-party organisations.
Open Access
A Report on the Impact of Immigration Detention on the Health and Well-being of Refugees & Asylum Seekers: A meta-ethnography
(International Contemporary Ethnography Across the Disciplines (CEAD) Association Incorporated, 2024-04-28) Wembri, Elizabeth; Chin, Mellisa; McClunie-Trust, Patricia
The extended periods that some asylum seekers experience in immigration detention potentially compromise their mental health and physical well-being. This compromise is associated with the prevailing culture and conditions within some immigration detention facilities in Western countries, such as Australia, Canada and Germany. This review aims to synthesise the findings of studies that report on the experiences of refugees and asylum seekers while they have been held in immigration detention. A meta-ethnographic approach guided the synthesis following the eMERGe meta-ethnography reporting guidance structure. Three common storyline metaphors were identified from the synthesis of findings of seven qualitative studies: (1) treating like criminals, jail-like, prison-like, and treated like animals; (2) killing your mind and torturing your mind; and (3) feelings of hopelessness, worry, despair and fear. The findings of this review suggest that the culture and the practices of immigration detention that impact refugees and asylum seekers who are detained for sometimes extended periods need to be transformed. The time that people are held in detention and the context for that detention needs urgent review. While immigration detention is legislated and enacted differently in the countries where the included studies were located, Government policies should consider alternative approaches such as community detention. Regular monitoring of immigration detention practices by external bodies should be mandated, and ongoing staff training for workers in detention facilities should be instituted to ensure that refugees and asylum seekers are treated fairly and with dignity when detained.
Open Access
A review of drivers of environmental non‑migration decisions in Africa
(Regional Environmental Change, 2022-10-17) Balgah, Roland; Kimengsi, Jude Ndzifon
In spite of growing scholarship on environmentally induced non-migration research in Africa, comprehensive empirical evidence of non-migration drivers is extremely difficult to find. We review 77 rigorously selected empirical articles on the drivers of environmental non-migration. A variety of relevant keywords was applied to search, identify, and select key publications from ScienceDirect, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and the Climig databases. Content analysis and inter-rater reliability (IRR) analysis were used to summarize the literature and identify key drivers of environmental non-migration decisions across all retained articles. The study structure was informed by the Foresight (2011a) conceptual framework. A growth in the non-migration literature across the time period was observed. Social factors, particularly place-based attachment and family/cultural obligations, was identified as the most important driver of non-migration (IRR score = 0.67). Environmental factors were ranked second, particularly the ability of the affected to develop coping capacity through experiential learning even in contexts marred by resource scarcity and widespread poverty. Given the limited literature on environmental nonmigration decisions, we recommend increased non-migration research across Africa to better inform policy decisions. This is particularly important as climate-related disasters surge. Frequent reviews on diverse aspects of non-migration studies are recommended to redefine future research and non-migration policy considerations in Africa.
Open Access
"Acting in a Tight Spot: Homi Bhabha’s Postcolonial Politics"
(Taylor and Francis, 2003) Kapoor, Ilan
Homi Bhabha's writing on postcolonial agency foregrounds discursive subjection, yet retrieves subaltern subterfuge. It reconstructs a critical politics despite and because of hegemonic and orientalist representational systems. And it demonstrates the (im)possibility of a stable subject, but still manages to assert creative and performative agency. The article endeavours to analyse these feats and paradoxes, relying both on Bhabha's work and on some of the criticisms and controversies surrounding it.
Open Access
Advocating multi-disciplinarity in studying complex emergencies: the limitations of a psychological approach to understanding how young people cope with prolonged conflict in Gaza
(Cambridge University Press, 2004-06-23) Lewando Hundt, Gillian; Chatty, Dawn; Thabet, Abdelaziz; Abuateya, Hala
The paper looks at the limitations and strengths of using the A cope questionnaire for measuring strategies for coping with prolonged conflict by Palestinian young people in Gaza. The scale was administered to young people between the ages of 8-17. The results show some gender differences in coping strategies. However, some items on the sub scales are not relevant for Muslim societies or in situations of prolonged conflict. The authors suggest that combining an anthropological contextual perspective and qualitative data with psychological instruments is an effective way of addressing the limitations of using a single quantitative method of assessment in non-western complex social and cultural settings.
Open Access
"Afghans in Iran: Asylum Fatigue Overshadows Islamic Brotherhood"
(York University, Centre for Refugee Studies, 2002) Moghissi, Haideh; Ashrafi, Afsaneh
Open Access
"African Refugees"
(York University, Centre for Refugee Studies, 1992) Adelman, Howard
Open Access
"Age of Diaspora: Iranian Seniors in Toronto"
(Institute of Arab Studies, 2009) Moghissi, Haideh
Open Access
“Aid, Conflict, and Migration: the Canada-Sri Lanka Connection”
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2003) Hyndman, Jennifer
This paper aims to disentangle patterns of aid, trade, conflict and migration between Canada and Sri Lanka, illustrating the surprisingly significant traffic between the two countries and exploring the significance and quality of these connections. International aid to Sri Lanka is closely related to the opening of markets to multinational investment beginning in 1977. This economic liberalisation overlaps with periods of conflict in Sri Lanka and of macroeconomic growth. The prosperity it has generated, however, has not benefited all social classes and ethnic groups. Accordingly, conflict in Sri Lanka has been characterised by uprisings led by unemployed youth, peaceful and violent protests of discrimination against Sri Lankan Tamils and militarised government reprisals to both. A long period of macroeconomic growth ended in the final quarter of 2001, after the bombing of commercial airliners at Sri Lanka's international airport. Geopolitical and geoeconomic conditions in Sri Lanka changed dramatically. In this context, Canada's International Development Agency (CIDA) and other aid agencies aspire to 'correct for conflict' and promote a democratic and peaceful Sri Lanka through peace-building and other aid measures. Militarised conflict over at least the past 20 years has generated massive human displacement both within and beyond the country's borders, spawning international migrants in search of asylum. In 1999, Sri Lanka was the leading source country of refugee claimants to Canada. Canada hosts the single largest Sri Lankan diaspora of any country. By examining the nexus ofeconomic liberalisation and aid, I analyse its relation to conflict in Sri Lanka and migration to Canada.
Open Access
Alienation and Nationalism: Is it Possible to Increase First Nations Voter Turnout in Ontario?
(Canadian Journal of Native Studies, 2007) Dalton, Jennifer E.; Dalton, Jennifer E
Open Access
“The Americanization of American Geography”
(Springer Verlag, 1998) Hyndman, Jennifer; Kirby, Andrew
Open Access
The Anatomy and Physiology of Refugee Reproduction
(Centre for Refugee Studies, York University, 2009) Adelman, Howard
Open Access
“Another Brick in the Wall? Neo-refoulement & the Externalisation of Asylum in Europe & Australia"
(Wiley-Blackwell) Hyndman, Jennifer; Mountz, Alison
Open Access
Anthony Richmond, “Immigration Policy and Research in Canada: Pure or Applied?” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 26.1 (2000): 109-125.
(Taylor and Francis, 2000) Richmond, Anthony
A review of Canadian immigration research, published between 1980 and 1998, suggests that research had only a limited impact on policies and programmes. Economists seemed to have more influence than psychologists, sociologists or demographers. Alternative models of the way research may enter the policy decision-making process are described. A 'systems' model recognises the competing influence of special interest groups and the influence of public opinion. Emphasis is placed on the need for academic researchers to make their conclusions known expeditiously, in order to create a more enlightened public.
Open Access
Attention deficit–hyperactivity symptoms among Palestinian children
(Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (EMHJ), 2010) Thabet, Abdelaziz; Al Ghamdi, H.; Abdulla, T.; Elhelou, Mohamed-Wafaie; Vostanis, Panos
عبد العزيز موسى ثابت، حنان الغامدي، تيسير عبد الله، محمد وفائي الحلو، بانوس فوستانيس الخلاصة: يهدف هذا المقال لتوطيد معدلات انتشار وتوزع أعراض اضطراب نقص الانتباه وفرط الفعالية، وما يصاحبه من مشكلات مرضية في الصحة النفسية لدى أطفال المدارس في فلسطين. وقد درس الباحثون، عشوائياً، 349 طفلاً، تتراوح أعمارهم بين 6 و 15 عاماً، ينتمون إلى 23 مدرسة في غزة وفي الصفة الغربية، وأعطيت لهم درجات وصفها آباؤهم ومعلموهم باستخدام قائمة تفقدية لمتلازمة نقص الانتباه وفرط الفعالية لدى الأطفال، والفصل الرابع من الدليل الإحصائي التشخيصي، واستبيان التعرف على نقاط القوة ونقاط الصعوبة، وهو استبيان يقيس أيضاً المشكلات التي تعتري التصرفات والانفعالات. وكان هناك اتفاق يُعتد به إحصائياً بين الآباء والمعلمين، فقد صنِّف 4.3 % من الأطفال فوق مستوى الحرز الفاصل من قِبَل كلٍ من الآباء والمعلمين الذين استخدموا القائمة التفقدية والفصل الرابع من الدليل الإحصائي التشخيصي، وقد لاحظ الباحثون أن الجنس الذكري، وحجم الأسرة، والمعيشة في منطقة تعاني من الحرمان الاقتصادي والاجتماعي، هي عوامل تصاحب بشكل مستقل مع أعراض نقص الانتباه وفرط الفعالية.
Open Access
"Attorney-General of Canada v. Ward"
(Osgoode Law Research Unit, York University, 1990) Petrasek, David; Egan, Suzanne
The decision of the Federal Court of Appeal in the Ward case raises numerous issues of fundamental importance in the determination of claims to refugee status. It is widely perceived that the majority decision represents a narrow and restrictive interpretation of key provisions in the Convention refugee definition as incorporated in Canadian law. The following discussion is intended to provide a commentary on Ward, and, to provide a framework within which the issues raised in the case can be understood.
Open Access
"Australia and the Birth of Israel: Midwife or Abortionist"
(Wiley-Blackwell, 1992) Adelman, Howard
Open Access
"Away from Home: Iranian Women, Displacement, Cultural Resistance, and Change"
(University of Calgary, Department of Sociology, 1999) Moghissi, Haideh
This article discusses the gender character of displacement. Using the example of the Iranian female diaspora, it argues that women's experience of displacement is relatively more positive than that of men, and women, generally, are more prepared and make more efforts to build a home away from home. However, the pressures for cultural resistance against the dominant culture and the institutional racism in the host country may counterbalance the impact of women's positive experiences. Under the banner of 'cultural resistance', patriarchal values and sexist norms are revitalized within the family as well as in the community, and the voices of dissent are muted and dismissed as outside influences.
Open Access
"The Backlog: Barbara's Achilles Heel?"
(York University, Centre for Refugee Studies, 1991) Adelman, Howard
Open Access
"Begin and Diaspora Dissent"
(Canadian Academic Foundation for Peace in the Middle East, 1980) Adelman, Howard