Psychology (Functional Area: Developmental Science)
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Differential Attentional Responding by Planned and Emergency Caesarean-Section Versus Vaginally Delivered Infants and Adults
(2020-05-11)Search asymmetry occurs when feature-present targets are detected more easily than feature-absent targets, resulting in an efficient search (i.e. flat RT - set size function) for feature- present targets, but an inefficient ... -
Task Switching Over the Lifespan
(2020-05-11)People often switch from one goal to another, in response to changing environmental demands. Task switching affords flexibility, but at a price. A robust switch cost ensues, whereby individuals are slower and less accurate ... -
Judging the Credibility of Websites: An Effectiveness Trial of the Spacing Effect in the Elementary Classroom
(2019-11-22)Spaced learningthe spacing effectis a cognitive phenomenon whereby memory for to-be-learned material is better when a fixed amount of study time is spread across multiple learning sessions instead of crammed into a more ... -
A Closer Look at the Effect of Bilingualism on Working Memory
(2019-11-22)Previous research suggests that bilinguals act as experts when engaged in tasks requiring attentional control (Incera & McLennan, 2015). Experts across various domains are slower to initiate a response, but then produce a ... -
Sentence Comprehension in Monolingual and Bilingual Children
(2019-03-05)Abstract Bilingual children outperform monolingual children on non-linguistic tasks that tap executive function. It still unknown whether the enhancement of executive functioning found for bilingual children improves ... -
The Effect of Art Training on Dementia
(2019-03-05)The present study explores the effect of visual art training on people with dementia (PWD), utilizing a randomized control trial (RCT) design, with a structured usual activity waitlist control group, in order to investigate ... -
Ecological and Cognitive Influences on Orangutan Space Use
(2019-03-05)Many primates depend on resources that are dispersed non-uniformly. Primates able to encode the locations of such resources and navigate efficiently between them would gain a selective advantage. However, little is currently ... -
Putting the Distributed Practice Effect into Context
(2019-03-05)Spaced repetition leads to superior final memory relative to massed repetition, a phenomenon known as the distributed practice effect. However, when items are repeated in variable study contexts across learning opportunities ... -
Spatial Attention-Modulated Surround Suppression Across Development: A Psychophysical Study
(2019-03-05)Several studies have demonstrated that surrounding a given spatial location of attentional focus is a suppressive field (e.g., Hopf et al., 2006). Though several studies have provided psychophysical (e.g., Cutzu & Tsotsos, ... -
Insight During Development, and its Structural Correlates
(2018-11-21)We investigate whether adolescents and adults differ in their use of common cognitive processes in solving insight problems. We also investigate whether performance on insight problems is associated with brain structure, ... -
Attentional Control Processing in Working Memory: Effects of Aging and Bilingualism
(2018-11-21)Selective attention is required for working memory and is theorized to underlie the process of selecting between two active languages in bilinguals. Studies of working memory performance and bilingualism have produced ... -
The Development of Infants' Expectations for Event Timing
(2018-05-28)The ability to process and incorporate temporal information into behaviour is necessary for functioning in our environment. While previous research has extended adults temporal processing capacity onto infants, little ... -
Pain Catastrophizing and Mindfulness: Exploring Mechanisms of Change Associated with Participation in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Patients
(2018-03-01)Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects up to half of those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chronic neuropathic pain, a common symptom of DPN, remains difficult to treat pharmacologically. Mindfulness-based stress ... -
Modelling a Fractionated System of Deductive Reasoning over Categorical Syllogisms
(2018-03-01)The study of deductive reasoning has been a major research paradigm in psychology for decades. Recent additions to this literature have focused heavily on neuropsychological evidence. Such a practice is useful for identifying ... -
Attentional Switching in Infants Exposed to Bilingual Versus Monolingual Environment
(2017-07-27)Acquiring two languages poses a challenge to bilingual individuals, but the process of switching attention between two languages may equip bilinguals with enhanced cognitive control abilities such as top-down attentional ... -
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Alleviates Stress and Depression in Adults with Chronic Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(2017-07-27)The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) in improving attention and pain-related outcomes, using a randomized controlled trial. Secondary aims included ... -
Judging Credibility: Can Spaced Lessons Help Students Think More Critically Online?
(2016-11-25)Despite its prevalence in the psychological literature, the spacing effect has not yet been fully explored in real-world classroom settings using curriculum-based material. The current study investigated whether laboratory ... -
The Effect of Art Training on Dementia
(2016-11-25)The present study is a pilot project investigating the effect of visual art training on the mood, behaviour, and cognition of persons with dementia (PWD). The study utilized a randomized control trial (RCT) design, with a ... -
Left Hemisphere Lesions Differentially Impact Conditional Reasoning with Familiar and Emotional Content
(2015-08-28)Conditional reasoning has been widely studied in the cognitive literature, and in the past decade, neuroimaging studies have started to investigate brain networks recruited to solve these logical conditionals. A meta-analysis ...
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