The Bichler & Nitzan Archives
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The Bichler & Nitzan Archives contain works by Shimshon Bichler and Jonathan Nitzan, as well as related publications by others. Most works in the archives deal with the theory of Capital as Power, or CasP for short. CasP offers a radical alternative to mainstream and Marxist theories of value and capitalism. It argues that capital symbolizes and quantifies not utility or labour, but organized power, and that capitalism is best understood and challenged not as a mode of production and consumption, but as a mode of power.
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Browsing The Bichler & Nitzan Archives by Author "Bichler, Shimshon"
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Item Open Access Manuscripts Don't Burn(2023) Bichler, Shimshon; Nitzan, JonathanFROM THE ARTICLE.: The French Revolution changed the world. In the new order, the masters no longer need Monsieur Fouche and the thought police. They donโt need guillotines to clip brains and scissors to censor pamphlets. They donโt need strategic-studies institutes to manage oppression and navigate conflict. Instead, they prefer to subsidize โcultural pluralismโ and โcritical studiesโ, support centres for democracy and privatization, and promote civil-society networks and global NGOs. They are no longer afraid of words. Or so we are told....Item Open Access The Capital As Power Approach. An Invited-then-Rejected Interview with Shimshon Bichler and Jonathan Nitzan(2023) Bichler, Shimshon; Nitzan, JonathanPREFACE. This interview was commissioned in October 2019 for a special issue on โAccumulation and Politics: Approaches and Conceptsโ to be published by the Revue de la rรฉgulation. We submitted the text in March 2020, only to learn two months later that it wonโt be published. The problem, we were informed, wasnโt the content, which everyone agreed was โhighly interesting and stimulatingโ. It was the format. To begin with, the text was suddenly deemed โtoo longโ. Although the length was agreed on beforehand, the special-issue editors โ or maybe it was their bosses on the Editorial Board โ now insisted that we cut it by no less than two-thirds. They also instructed us to make our answers more โinterview-likeโ and โpersonalโ. Finally, and perhaps most tellingly, they demanded that we change our โtoneโ, which they found โunfairโ and โone-sidedโ. Translation: we should take a hike. This encounter with two-minded editors wasnโt our first. In another Review of Capital as Power paper, titled โManuscripts Donโt Burnโ, we sketch our history with Jekyll & Hyde editors who often used โlengthโ and โtoneโ to reject articles they had invited but couldnโt stomach. But first, the original interview, in full.Item Open Access ืื ืื ืคื ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื. ืกืืืื ืจืืืืื ื ืืกืฃ (Blood and Oil in the Orient. Another Round of Profit)(2023) Bichler, Shimshon; Nitzan, Jonathanืฉืืจืฉื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืก ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืจืืื ืืืกืืขืคืื. ืืื ืืื, ืืงืื ืคืืืงื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืชื ืืขื ืืฆืืื ืืช, ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืช ืืจืื ืืืช ืืืืกืืืืืช ืขื ื ืกืคืืืื, ืืกืืกืื ืืืืืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืช ืืฉืจืื, ืืื ืืชืจืืืช ืืืขืจืืืช ืืืืจืืืช, ืืื ืืืขืฆืืืช ืืฉืื ืืช ืืืืืฉืืช ืืืืืจ โ ืืืงื ืืขืฆืืืช ืฉืืงืขืืช ืืื ืืจื"ื ืืจืืกืื, ืืืืจืืช ืงืืจืืืช ืืชืืืจ ืืืืฉืืช ืืื ืกืื ืืืืจืื. ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืืืืจ ืืงืื ืคืืืงื ืืื ืฉืชื ืงืืืฆืืช ืืืืืฆืืืช ืขืืงืจืืืช: ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืฆืืืช ืืื ืกืืื ืืจืื ืืช. ืืื ืื ืืจืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืื, ืฉืืฉืชืืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืคืืกืืื ืืื ืืืกืืช ืืืืืืื ืืกืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืฉืจืื. ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืกืืจ ืืืื ืืชืงืฉืืจืชื ืฉืืื, ืืฉืชืืื ืขื ืืืคืืืืช ืืืจืืืืืช, ืขื ืชืืืขืช ืจืื ืืืฆืืืขืื ืืืฉืจืื, ืขื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืคื ืืฉืืืชืืืช ืืืืขื ื-ืืืืื ื, ืขื ืชืงืฆืืืื ืฆืืืืจืืื ืืจืืืืื. ืื ืฉืืชืคื ืคืขืืื ืขื ืงืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืขืืืงื ืืช ืืืืืชื ืืืืจื ืืืกืืช ืื ืืื-ืืืืจืืืื, ืืืขืืงืจ ืื ืืืืืจื ืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืืขืืืืช ืคืืงืื ืืฆืื ืืืฉืจืืื. ืื ืื ืืชืื ื ืืช, ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฆื ืืืจ, ืืืฉืชืื ืกืืคืืช ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืคืืื ืืขืื ืฆืืืืช ืืืืฉืืื ืืช ืืฉืืจื, ืืฉืืจ ืืื ืกืืื ืืจืื ืืช. ืืื, ืืืืจื ืืืฉืจืืืืช ืืคืืชื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืชืฉืืืืช ืืืืืฆืืืช ืจืื ืืืช ืฉื ืืชื ืืืื ืฉืืจืขืื ื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืคืืกืืื ืืื ืืืกืืช ืืืืฉืืื ืืืฉืจืืืืื ืืืืืืืจืืื ืืงืืจืืื. ืืฆื ืฉื ื, ืืืขืืจ ืืืฆื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืจืืื, ืฉืงืขื ืืจืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืืช ืืคืืกืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืื, ืืขืืงืจ ืืคืช"ื ืืืืืืช ืืขืืืืช, ืืขืื "ืืจืฉืืช" ืืคืืกืืื ืืช. ืืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืชื ืืขื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืฉ ืืืชืคืฉื ืืขืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืืื ืืช ืฉื ืืื ืกืืืช ืืืืกืืืืืช, ืืกืื ืืช ืืืฉืืขืืช. ืืื ืื ืืืืืก ืืื'ืืืื ืืืืกืืื. ืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืืฉืคืื ืืืืืืชืืช ืฉื ืขืจื ืืกืขืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ื ืคื ืืืจืืช (ืืืืืจืื ื ืขื ืืื ืงืืืจ). ืืฉื ืืื ืคืืขืืช ืืืกืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืืชืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืืืชืืื ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื. ืืืืืืฆืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืง ืืืืื ืขืืืืืช ืฉืื ืคืืจืืื ืืืืืฆืืืช ืืืจืืื ืื ืฆืืืืื "ืคืจืืืื" ืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืขืืื, ืืจืื ืืืกืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืขืชืื ืื ื ืื ืฆืืืืช ืืืื ืืื. ืคืจืืืชื ืฉื ืืฆืืืืช ืืคืจืืืื ืืืืืืืฆืืืช ืืขืืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืงืืขืชื ืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืืืืืืช, ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืคืื ืืฆืจืคืชืืช ืืืฆืืืืช ืืขืืืืื ืฉืืชืคืชืื ืืื ื. ืืกืืจืช ืืืื ืืช-ืืืืืืช ืืืช ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืืื. ืืืื ื ืื ืก ืืชืืืื ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืงืคืืืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืื, ืฉืืื ืืื ืืข ืืขืืงืจื ืฉื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืืจืืืช ืืืืจื ืืชืืืื: ืจืืืื ืงืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืืืช. ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืกื ืืืฆืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืคืจืกืคืงืืืื ืืืจืช, ืคืจืกืคืงืืืื ืืืชื ืืชืืื ื ืืชืืจ ืืืืืจืื ืืืกืคืจืื ืืื ืกืืฃ ืฉื ืืช ืืฉืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืขืฉืจืืItem Open Access ืืืืคืื ืืืฉืืจืืช" ืืงืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืืืช" (Regime Change and Dominant Capital)(2023) Nitzan, Jonathan; Bichler, Shimshonืืืฉืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืืฉืจืื, ืืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืจืืืืืื ื ืืืคืืกื "ืืืืคืื ืืืฉืคืืืช", ืืืืืื ืืฉืชื ืชืืืืืช ืกืืชืจืืช ืืืืืจื: ืืืืช ืืืืชื ืฉื ืคืืจืืืช ืืืฉืงืขื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืกืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืืชื ืฉื ื ืชื ืืื ืืืจืขืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื "ืจืคืืจืื". ืื ืฆืืืง? ืืื ืฆืืืงืื ืจืืฉื ืงืืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืชืจืืขืื ืืคื ื "ืืคืืืขื ืืืืืงืจืืื", "ืืคืจืช ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืงื ืฉืืื ืืจืฉืืืืช", "ืืืจืืช ืืื ืกืืืื", "ืฉืืืืฉ ืืืฆืืืืช" ืืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืจืืช? ืื ืฉืื ืฆืืืงืื ื ืชื ืืื ืืื ืืคืืืชื, ืืืืืืืื ืฉืืืืืจืืืืฆืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืฉืืฉืืช, ืฉืืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืกืกืช ืขื ืืกืืืืช ืืืชื ืื ืืชืืฉืื ืืฆืืื ืืืขืืงืจ, ืื ืืื ื ืืฆืืช ืืืืืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืื ืืกืืช. ืื ื ื ืจืื ืื ืฉื ื ืืฆืืืื ืฆืืืงืื.Item Open Access ์ ๊ตญ์ฃผ์์ ๊ธ์ต์ฃผ์ : ์ด๋ ๊ฒฐํฉ์ฒด์ ๊ดํ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ(๋นํด๋ฌ & ๋์ 2012) (Imperialism and Financialism: A Story of a Nexus)(2023) Bichler, Shimshon; Nitzan, Jonathan์ง๋ ์ธ๊ธฐ ๋์ ์ ๊ตญ์ฃผ์์ ๊ธ์ต์ฃผ์์ ๊ฒฐํฉ์ ๋ง๋ฅดํฌ์ค์ฃผ์ ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์ค์ฒ์์ ์ค์ฌ์ถ์ด์๋ค. ์๋ง์ ๋ง๋ฅดํฌ์ค์ฃผ์์๊ฐ ์ด ๊ฒฐํฉ์ด ์ ์ธ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋ณํ์ ๋น ๋จ๋ฆฐ ์์ธ์ด๋ผ ์๊ฐํ๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง ์๊ฐ์ด ์ง๋จ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋ค์ด ์ด ๊ฒฐํฉ์ ๋ถ๊ณผํ ์ญ์ฌ์ ์ญํ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณํ๋ค. ํต์ฌ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณํํ ๊ฒ์ ์์ฌ์ ์ ๋์ฑ ํ๋ฆ์ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ด์๋ค. 20์ธ๊ธฐ๋ก ์ ์ด๋ค๋ฉด์ ์ ๊ตญ์ฃผ์์ ๊ธ์ต์ฃผ์์ ๊ฒฐํฉ์ฒด๊ฐ ๋ช ํํด์ก๋ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐํฉ์ฒด์ ์ฒซ ๋ฒ์งธ ๊ตฌํ ํํ๋ ๊ธ์ต ์๋ณธ์ด โ์ด๊ณผโ ์์ฌ๋ฅผ ์์ถํ ์ ์๋ ์๋ฏผ์ง๋ฅผ ์ป๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ ๊ตญ์ฃผ์์๋ค์ด ๋ฒ์ธ ์ํ์ ์ ์ค๋ช ํ๋ค. ๋ค์ ๋ ๋ฒ์งธ ๋ฒ์ ์์ ์ค์ฌ๋ถ์ ์์ฌ๊ฐ ๊ตญ๋ด๋ก ํก์๋๊ณ ๊ตฐ์ฌ ์ง์ถ๊ณผ ๊ธ์ต ์ค๊ฐ๋ผ๋ โ๋ธ๋ํโ๋ก ๋นจ๋ ค ๋ค์ด๊ฐ๋ ๋ ์ ์๋ณธ์ฃผ์์ ์ ์ ๊ตญ์ฃผ์์ ์ธ๊ณ๋ฅผ ์์ ํ๋ค. ์ธ ๋ฒ์งธ ์คํฌ๋ฆฝํธ๋ ์ข ์์ ์ธ ์ฃผ๋ณ๋ถ์์ ๊ธ์ต ์ค์ฌ๋ถ๋ก ์์ฌ๊ฐ ์ ์ ๋๋ ์ธ๊ณ์ฒด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ต๊ทผ ํ๋ณธ์ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๋ ์ค์ฌ๋ถ์ ๊ณต๋ํ๋ฅผ ์ค๋ช ํ๋ค. ์ฆ, ์ค์ฌ๋ถ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ์ด๋ฏธ ์์ฒด ์์ฐ ์ฐ๋ฃ์ ์๋น ๋ถ๋ถ์ ํ์๋ฒ๋ ธ๊ณ ์ด์ ๋ ์ธ๊ณ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ธ๋ถ ์ ๋์ฑ์ ์ฌ์ฉํ๊ณ ์ ๋๋จธ์ง ์ธ๊ณ๋ฅผ โ๊ธ์ตํโํ๋ โ์ ์ ๊ฑฐ์ฑโ์ด๋ค. ๋ณธ ๋ ผ๋ฌธ์ ๋ง์น ์นด๋ฉ๋ ์จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ์ด๋ฌํ ๋ณํ์ ์ค๊ณฝ์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐํฉ์ฒด์์ ๋์น ๊ฒ ๋ฌด์์ธ์ง ๋ฐ์ ธ๋ณธ ๋ค, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์งํ ๊ฐ์น๊ฐ ์๋์ง ๋ฌป๋๋ค. *** Translated from the English by Kihyung Park *** Over the past century, the nexus of imperialism and financialism has become a major axis of Marxist theory and praxis. Many Marxists consider this nexus to be a prime cause of our worldly ills, but the historical role they ascribe to it has changed dramatically over time. The key change concerns the nature and direction of surplus and liquidity flows. The first incarnation of the nexus, articulated at the turn of the twentieth century, explained the imperialist scramble for colonies to which finance capital could export its excessive surplus. The next version posited a neo-imperial world of monopoly capitalism where the core's surplus is absorbed domestically, sucked into a black hole of military spending and financial intermediation. The third script postulated a World System where surplus is imported from the dependent periphery into the financial core. And the most recent edition explains the hollowing out of the U.S. core, a red giant that has already burned much of its own productive fuel and is now trying to financialize the rest of the world in order to use the system's external liquidity. The paper outlines this chameleon-like transformation, assesses what is left of the nexus and asks whether it is worth keeping.