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The Impact of Cold War Events on Curriculum and Policies, and the Protection of Children in Postwar Ontario Education, 1948-1963

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dc.contributor.advisorMartel, Marcel
dc.contributor.authorClarke, Frank Kendall
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-13T13:45:11Z
dc.date.available2020-11-13T13:45:11Z
dc.date.copyright2020-07
dc.date.issued2020-11-13
dc.date.updated2020-11-13T13:45:11Z
dc.degree.disciplineHistory
dc.degree.levelDoctoral
dc.degree.namePhD - Doctor of Philosophy
dc.description.abstractBetween 1948 and 1963 Ontario educators and policy makers, at the school boards and within the Department of Education, confronted the challenge of how to educate students for a divided and dangerous Cold War world. That the Cold War was not a distant or esoteric phenomenon became apparent when the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic bomb in 1949. In addition, local Communist Party members, particularly within Toronto, actively sought to recruit students to their ranks. As a result, the protection of children, both physically and ideologically, became a paramount concern: physically through civil defence drills within schools to protect against nuclear attack and ideologically against anti-capitalist and atheist Communism through citizenship education that reinforced a conservative form of democratic citizenship, including the nuclear family, civic rights and responsibilities, Protestant Christianity, a consumer capitalist society, and acceptance of the anti-Communist Cold War consensus under the auspices of the United Nations and NATO. The Cold War paradigm, however, began to shift starting with the implosion of the Labour Progressive (Communist) Party in 1956 following the revelations of Stalins crimes. Thereafter, the Communist threat shifted from domestic Communists to fear of a nuclear attack by the Soviet Union. Moreover, in the 1950s and especially by the early 1960s, a minority of students and teachers questioned the wisdom of the Cold War consensus and its contradictions such as the idea that nuclear deterrence and proliferation could prevent war. Dissention against nuclear arms, McCarthyism, religious education, and traditional approaches to curriculum and pedagogy, were evident throughout this study challenging the notion that the early Cold War era was one of conformity and consensus.
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10315/37871
dc.languageen
dc.rightsAuthor owns copyright, except where explicitly noted. Please contact the author directly with licensing requests.
dc.subjectPedagogy
dc.subject.keywordsAnti-communism
dc.subject.keywordsAntisemitism
dc.subject.keywordsAtomic bomb
dc.subject.keywordsCanadian history
dc.subject.keywordsChildren
dc.subject.keywordsChristianity
dc.subject.keywordsCivil defence
dc.subject.keywordsCivil liberties
dc.subject.keywordsCitizenship
dc.subject.keywordsCitizenship education
dc.subject.keywordsClassroom
dc.subject.keywordsCold War
dc.subject.keywordsCold War consensus
dc.subject.keywordsCommunism
dc.subject.keywordsCuban Missile Crisis
dc.subject.keywordsCurriculum
dc.subject.keywordsDemocracy
dc.subject.keywordsDeterrence
dc.subject.keywordsDiscrimination
dc.subject.keywordsDuck and cover
dc.subject.keywordsEducation
dc.subject.keywordsEducation history
dc.subject.keywordsEducation policy
dc.subject.keywordsDxtra curricular
dc.subject.keywordsGender
dc.subject.keywordsGender roles
dc.subject.keywordsGifted education
dc.subject.keywordsHistory
dc.subject.keywordsHuman rights
dc.subject.keywordsInternational understanding
dc.subject.keywordsLabour Progressive Party
dc.subject.keywordsLoyalty
dc.subject.keywordsLoyalty oaths
dc.subject.keywordsMath
dc.subject.keywordsMcCarthyism
dc.subject.keywordsNATO
dc.subject.keywordsNuclear weapons
dc.subject.keywordsOntario
dc.subject.keywordsPeace
dc.subject.keywordsPeace movement
dc.subject.keywordsPedagogy
dc.subject.keywordsPostwar
dc.subject.keywordsPostwar education
dc.subject.keywordsProgressivism
dc.subject.keywordsProtection
dc.subject.keywordsProtestant
dc.subject.keywordsReligion
dc.subject.keywordsReligious education
dc.subject.keywordsSchools
dc.subject.keywordsSchool boards
dc.subject.keywordsScience
dc.subject.keywordsSocial Studies
dc.subject.keywordsSoviet Union
dc.subject.keywordsSputnik
dc.subject.keywordsStudents
dc.subject.keywordsTeachers
dc.subject.keywordsText books
dc.subject.keywordsTraditionalism
dc.subject.keywordsTrustees
dc.subject.keywordsUnited Nations
dc.subject.keywordsYouth
dc.titleThe Impact of Cold War Events on Curriculum and Policies, and the Protection of Children in Postwar Ontario Education, 1948-1963
dc.typeElectronic Thesis or Dissertation

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