COVID-9 Detection Strategies: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

COVID-19 pandemic has created a global medical and economic crisis. Having many unsuspecting asymptotically carriers interacting with others increases the risk of infecting healthy people which leads to problems such as overloaded clinics and hospitals. These conditions make tracing the asymptotic carriers of COVID-19 and detecting all infected individuals rapidly and accurately critical for the control and further prevention of this disease. Considering the long duration of vaccine development, their low efficiency for protection against some of the viral variants, and lack of any drugs for efficient COVID-19 treatment, diagnostic tests are essential for detecting the infection and limiting the viral spread. Therefore, how to efficiently screen for positive patients with coronavirus 2019 has become the primary task for epidemic prevention. Due to the critical roles of the diagnostic tools in fighting the coronavirus disease, a large number of techniques have rapidly. This work, as a comprehensive review, aims to cover not only the currently approved nucleic acid- and protein-based diagnostic technologies, but also the promising strategies for COVID-19 detection and also fighting future hazards. The goal is to bring together the most important advances from the broad discipline of biomedical engineering, enhancing their visibility through opinion and new articles, and providing overviews of the state-of-the-art in each field.