Cardiac Rehabilitation Availability and Delivery in Europe: How does it Differ by Region and Compare to other High-Income Countries?

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dc.contributor.authorAbreu, Ana
dc.contributor.authorPesah, Ella
dc.contributor.authorSupervia, Marta
dc.contributor.authorTurk-Adawi, Karam
dc.contributor.authorBjarnason-Wehrens, Birna
dc.contributor.authorLopez-Jimenez, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorAmbrosetti, Marco
dc.contributor.authorAndersen, Karl
dc.contributor.authorGiga, Vojislav
dc.contributor.authorVulic, Dusko
dc.contributor.authorVataman, Eleonora
dc.contributor.authorGaita, Dan
dc.contributor.authorCliff, Jacqueline
dc.contributor.authorKouidi, Evangelia
dc.contributor.authorYagci, Ilker
dc.contributor.authorSimon, Attila
dc.contributor.authorHautala, Arto
dc.contributor.authorTamuleviciute-Prasciene, Egle
dc.contributor.authorKemps, Hareld
dc.contributor.authorEysymontt, Zbigniew
dc.contributor.authorFarsky, Stefan
dc.contributor.authorHayward, Jo
dc.contributor.authorPrescott, Eva
dc.contributor.authorDawkes, Susan
dc.contributor.authorPavy, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorKiessling, Anna
dc.contributor.authorSovova, Eliska
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Sherry
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-19T16:13:52Z
dc.date.available2021-04-19T16:13:52Z
dc.date.issued2019-07
dc.description.abstractAims To establish:(1a) CR availability and density, as well as (1b) the nature of programs, and (2) compare these (a) by European region (geoscheme) and (b) to other high-income countries (HICs).Methods A survey was administered to CR programs globally. Cardiac associations were engaged to facilitate program identification. Density was computed using Global Burden of Disease study ischemic heart disease (IHD) incidence estimates. Four HICs were selected for comparison (N=790programs)to European data, and multi-level analyses performed. Results CR was available in 40/44(90.9%)European countries. Data were collected in 37(94.8% country response rate). 455/1538 (29.6%response rate) program respondents initiated the survey. Program volumes (median=300) were greatest in Western European countries, but overall were higher than other HICs (p<.001).Across all Europe, there was on average only 1 CR spot per 7 IHD patients, with an unmet regional need of 3,449,460 spots annually. Most programs were funded by social security (n=25, 59.5%; with significant regional variation, p<0.001), but in 72 (16.0%) patients paid some or all of program costs (or ~ 18.5%of the ~€150.0/program) out-of-pocket. Guideline-indicated conditions were accepted in ≥70% of programs (lower for stable coronary disease), with 4no regional variation. Programs had a multidisciplinary team of 6.5±3.0 staff (number and type varied regionally; and European programs had more staff than other HICs), offering 8.5±1.5/10 core components (consistent with other HICs) over 24.8±26.0hours (regional differences, p<0.05). Conclusion European CR capacity must be augmented. Where available, services were consistent with guidelines, but varied regionally.en_US
dc.identifier.citationEuropean Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Volume 26, Issue 11, 1 July 2019, Pages 1131–1146en_US
dc.identifier.issn2047-4873
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319827453en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10315/38288
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherEuropean Association of Preventive Cardiologyen_US
dc.rightsThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in European Journal of Preventive Cardiology following peer review. The version of record (European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Volume 26, Issue 11, 1 July 2019, Pages 1131–1146) is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487319827453.
dc.rights.articlehttps://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article/26/11/1131/5925144en_US
dc.rights.journalhttps://academic.oup.com/eurjpcen_US
dc.rights.publisherhttps://www.escardio.org/Sub-specialty-communities/European-Association-of-Preventive-Cardiology-%28EAPC%29en_US
dc.rights.uri
dc.subjectcardiac rehabilitationen_US
dc.subjectEuropeen_US
dc.subjectsurveyen_US
dc.titleCardiac Rehabilitation Availability and Delivery in Europe: How does it Differ by Region and Compare to other High-Income Countries?en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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