Factors Associated with Premenstrual Syndrome and its Different Symptom Domains among University Students in Lebanon

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and examine the characteristics of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among female university students. It also aimed to determine the factors associated with the affective and somatic domains of PMS.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 2115 Lebanese female university students, who completed questionnaires on PMS symptoms and other factors. PMS was defined according to the “American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists” criteria. Bivariate and multivariable associations between PMS, PMS affective and somatic domains respectively and other covariates were conducted using logistic regression.

Results: Almost 63% of participants reported having PMS with 42.5% having severe PMS. The most common affective and somatic symptoms were “angry outbursts” and “abdominal bloating” respectively. Obesity, having unemployed fathers, caffeine consumption (coffee/tea), and pain medication use, and sleeping pill use were significantly associated with PMS. Among these factors, caffeine consumption, and medication use for pain were associated with PMS affective domain while BMI, caffeine consumption, and medication use for pain were related to PMS somatic domain.

Conclusion: The proportion of Lebanese females with PMS and affective and somatic symptoms are notably high. These findings highlight the importance of weight management to minimize PMS symptoms.