Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a type of rTMS protocol which has the advantage of a shorter delivery time over traditional rTMS. When applied to motor cortex, intermittent TBS (iTBS) has been shown to yield excitatory aftereffects, whereas continuous TBS (cTBS) may lead to inhibitory aftereffects, both lasting from minutes to hours. The majority of TBS research has targeted motor and non-motor frontal areas of the brain, and to date very few studies have examined its efficacy at visual areas. In a sham-controlled study we investigated the immediate poststimulation and short-term (1 h post-stimulation) effects of iTBS and cTBS to V1.