Miscellaneous Holdings
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Collection consists of research, scholarship, reports, and publications produced by individuals and teams affiliated with York University but who do not have strong ties to existing collections within YorkSpace. Material in this collection may cut across many units and organizations within the university.
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Browsing Miscellaneous Holdings by Author "Rouf, Kazi Abdur"
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Item Open Access Canadian higher education student financial aid policies, products and services in Canada(2019-09-09) Rouf, Kazi AbdurAlthough Canada is a welfare state and it has need-based priority student financial aid support policies in Canada; however, its higher education financial aid service is not universal. Rather its higher education support services have neoliberal policy matrix (public grants and private loan) financial aid services began to take root in most Canadian provinces. Although since 1964, the Canadian financial aid program has provided over $51 billion in Canada Student Loans to more than 5 million Canadians to help them finance their education and equip them to achieve their career aspirations. However, higher education tuition fees and student debt levels are increasing every year. Class sizes and the proportion of part-time contract lecturer positions are increased. The average undergraduate tuition fees are $2,243 in 1990-91, but tuition fees increased to $7,086 in 2018-19. Moreover, Statistics Canada (2015) identifies tuition fees for most graduate programs in Ontario have seen a similar 300% increase since 1990 and are now $8,971 on average, even professional program fees have undergone a much more dramatic increase. Further, after 2016 the tuition costs grew the fastest in Ontario (+402%). Canadian Government higher education student funding accounted for the majority of operating revenue for Canada’s university institutions, accounting for 83.2% in 1978, leaving students to pay approximately 15%. However, at the University of Toronto, the government grants and the institutional grants cover only 53% of the tuitions and fees of the students. Hence the average Canadian student debt is $27,000, up from $8,000 in 1990. Moreover, many students will spend half of their working lives paying back their student debts. The Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP) student debt the publicly-assisted colleges’ students are 9.1% and private career colleges are 14.5%; overall 2017 OSAP default rates for Ontario postsecondary institutions is 6.7%. The paper has many secondary data. The author talks with many students, read many articles, books, reports, and newspapers to get the full scenario of the Canada student financial aid policies, programs and products. The study finds although Canada has the need-based higher education student financial aid policies; however, many brilliant students from the low-income group do not have a university education. The study identifies many issues responsible for many students’ inaccessible to college education and increase of student debt. One of the main reason is many college financial aid officers do not elaborately explain student higher education financial aid government policies, programs, and products to the prospective higher education students. Although, the Government of Canada changes many of its higher education financial assistance policies, programs, and products; however, the ratios of the grants: loans are still questionable to many students, researchers, and laymen. Therefore, the federal, provincial and institutional grants need of the increased so that grants portion can be higher than 80% than the loan portion.Item Open Access Educational policy, policy appropriation and Grameen Bank higher education financial aid policy process(2020-01-01) Rouf, Kazi AbdurThe paper talks about higher educational polices and their process of policy appropriations, policy as practices, policy as symbolic, policy as rituals, policy as myths, policy backward- mapping and policy-forward mapping, multi-stage policy implementation process, street-bureaucrats planners, and policy reform process. It critically looks at pros-and-corns of different educational policy theories and their applications in education, and the higher education student financial aid different policies, strategies and products and their impact on the college students. The paper also narrates the higher educational policies and methods of need-based, merit-based, means-test-based grants allocation and loan disbursement and their impact on student academic achievements. Moreover, it discusses the policy process model that has both agendas and multiple streams that consider looking at policy designing problems, solutions of the problems and their usefulness to SES students. Additionally, the paper narrates the Grameen Bank higher education student loan policy making process, although there is no higher education student financial aid services are not exist in Bangladesh. Literature reviews, conversations with higher education students, contextual analysis, and the author personal working experience incorporate here. The study finds for policy improvement, policy analysis is vital because policy analysis can explores usefulness of the policy for public well being and for effectiveness of the policy appropriation.Item Open Access Grameen Bank higher education student loan policies and strategies in Bangladesh(2019-12) Rouf, Kazi AbdurGrameen Bank disburses the higher education student loans and scholarships to its borrowers’ children. The GB higher education student loan can receive by a borrower for all of his children who are studying higher education in Bangladesh. Grameen Bank scholarships are awarding to Primary, Middle, High School, and Grade-12 college students in Bangladesh who have outstanding results (GPA 5.0) in their Grade-5, Grade-8, Secondary School Certificate (Grade-10) and Higher School Certificate exam (Grade 12). Grameen Shikka (Education), a sister organization of GB, also offering scholarships to the children of the borrowers of GB. More than 55,000 children are receiving awards from Grameen Bank and Grameen Shilkka in Bangladesh every year. The student loan receiving borrowers start their student loan repayment after one month of their last student loan receiving installment. The service charge 5% of the student loan starts from the day when the students finish their studies. A GB borrower can receive this GB higher education student loan only for his biological children, not for adopted children. The loan receiving borrower and his children must have a Bangladeshi citizenship nationality certificate. Recently, GB squeezes its operation even though the higher education student loan program has a huge demand in Bangladesh.Item Open Access Study findings of the Grameen Bank higher education student loan services in Bangladesh(2019-12) Rouf, Kazi AbdurA survey conducted on the Grameen Bank higher education student loan services in Bangladesh in 2015-2016. The survey sample size is only 61, and the paper narrates the survey findings. The purpose of the survey is to know the GB higher education student loan portfolios, the status of the student loan repayment rate, and the role of the student loan users in community development in Bangladesh. The study finds the student loan program of GB is accessible and useful to the children of GB borrowers for their higher education study in Bangladesh. The student loan receiving children of borrowers of GB is ornamental to engage in different community organizations and civic activity participation in their neighborhoods. However, GB needs to massively expand this program and improve its higher education student loan collection and monitoring strategies in Bangladesh.