This study evaluates the construct validity (including sensitivity to change) of the numerical rating scale (NRS) for pain intensity (I) and unpleasantness (U) and participant pain scale preferences in children/adolescents ...

Pain anxiety refers to the cognitive, emotional, physiological, and behavioural reactions to the experience or anticipation of pain. The Child Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) has recently been developed and validated ...

Objective: To prospectively study factors associated with the occurrence of phantom sensations and pains in a pre-selected sample of child and adolescent amputees reporting phantom limbs. Design: Prospective diary study ...

Objectives: Surgical patients who regain consciousness while under general anesthesia may develop symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). One common PTSD symptom is the experiencing of abnormal perceptions during ...

Although some studies of pre-emptive analgesia have reported small reductions in post-operative pain or analgesic consumption in favour of pre-incisional vs. post-incisional or post-operative treatment, most have not ...

Objective: Long-term pain is a common sequela of thoracotomy, occurring in approximately 50% of patients 2 years after thoracic surgery. Despite this alarming statistic, little is known about the factors responsible for ...

Recent studies of amputees reveal a remarkable diversity in the qualities of experiences that define the phantom limb, whether painless or painful. This paper selectively reviews evidence of peripheral, central and ...