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Interdisciplinary Studies

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  • ItemOpen Access
    Queer-Diva Collaboration in 20th Century Pop Music
    (2023-12-08) Iannacci, Elio; Latchford, Frances J.
    This thesis explores the practice of “Queer-Diva collaboration” as it pertains to the work of pop music icons Grace Jones and Annie Lennox. Queer-Diva collaborations are a surprisingly common yet undertheorized artistic phenomena wherein female pop singers co-create music and art with members of the LGBTQ community. My study argues that through these collaborations, queer counterculture discourses critique and reform mainstream popular culture. While much scholarship revolves around the Diva and her Queer audience, this thesis draws on theories of artistic collaboration as “utopian modernist sites” (Green 175), forms of “gender collapse” (Butler 41, 121) and testaments to “Queer world-making” (Muñoz 22) in order to recover the Diva’s crucial relationship with LGBTQ art directors, stylists, choreographers and music producers. This study historicises and analyses two pivotal Queer-Diva collaborations as case studies, both of which reflect and broadcast the repercussions of watershed moments in LGBTQ politics. The first case study examines Grace Jones’s music video to 1986’s “I’m Not Perfect (But I’m Perfect for You),” directed by Jones and Queer graffiti artist Keith Haring which fuses Jones’s racial and gender pluralism with Haring’s HIV/AIDS activism. The second case study analyses Annie Lennox’s and DJ Junior Vasquez’s “No More ‘I Love You’s’” (The Sound Factory Mix), a recording released in 1995, which embodies a proliferating era of LGBTQ civil rights and an aural armament against misogynistic and homophobic oppression. Focusing on these distinctive epochs within Jones’s and Lennox’s oeuvres, this thesis examines the effects, repercussions and implications of these Queer-Diva collaborations and determines how they disrupt anti-Black, anti-Queer and heterosexist discourses.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dancing an Expanded Habitual: Attuning to the More-Than-Human World
    (2023-12-08) Acorn, Amanda Kathleen; Cauthery, Bridget
    This interdisciplinary thesis explores dance creation-as-research and phenomenological methods to articulate an embodied dialogue with the more-than-human world. Drawing on original phenomenological writing generated through embodied research, the work argues for dance practice as a salient tool for reimagining traditional forms of knowledge production and enacts the speculative possibilities of our communicative capacity between human and more-than-human bodies. The project imagines and articulates how we can bring relational, responsible thinking and sensing to our everyday movements while navigating the ruins of the so-called Anthropocene. Using research-creation as a frame, this project posits that dance-based systems of improvisation have the potential to interrupt and inhibit our habitual modes of attention, expanding our capacity for interspecies dialogue and collaboration. The work engages with the fields of dance studies, research-creation, phenomenology and posthuman feminist theory, to create definitional anchors in dialogue with original, phenomenological writing. The research expresses a process of discovery through the lived body and articulates a practice that enlivens bodies and builds worlds, where thinking, practice, and theory can come alive inside everyday living. The research moves off the page and into the body, in the form of a site-adaptive soundwalk, as an embodied call to action for fleshy, earthly survival.
  • ItemOpen Access
    The Educational Impact of Military Coup D'etats in Ghana on Education
    (2023-12-08) Abbey, Abraham Ogbarmey; Visano, Livy
    Thesis statement: Coup d’état is not beneficial for Ghana’s education Reasons: education funding cuts, teachers were not paid salaries. This thesis argues that coup d’états by the military in Ghana has stalled the education trajectory of many younger generations in Ghana. However, this phenomenon is not relative to Ghana alone. Many African nations who have fought the colonial rule and gained political independence were equally undermined by their military system. Most of these military systems connived with foreign agencies such as the CIA (Centre Intelligence Agency) to stage coup-d’états’ at a period some of the African countries were beginning to determine what kind of political system they should adopt (Birmingham 1998, p.48). These inner workings have tampered with the governance of the country at large, which has brought upon the Western powers to oversee the circumstances. Long before sexual orientation became a publicly discussed subject globally, Kwame Nkrumah, the first democratically-elected president of Ghana, provided a non-discriminatory provision to accommodate those segments of people in the Republican constitution, including race, tribe, religion or political beliefs in the early 1960s. As a principled individual, Nkrumah stood against corruption in his own party and dismissed his cabinet members and those officials who were to be culpable. The president did that to set a high standard of integrity as a public servant (Milne, 1999). The focus by Nkrumah’s political decisions has been focused on advancing all citizens’ welfare. Ghana was once a beacon of strength and inspiration to many African countries because it was the first country in the Sub-Sahara to gain independence from the British colonial regime. The country served as a home and training center for many aspiring African leaders and activists. Kwame Nkrumah who is the first President of Ghana after almost one hundred years of British colonial rule and he was branded a dictator by some Western countries such as the United States and Britain and Joseph Kennedy, the father of JFK, the President of United States, called him “the communist Nkrumah” when Nkrumah was actualizing a system of governance which meets the needs of Ghanaians and African peoples in the continent: education. Africa was never divided prior to Europeans scramble for Africa in 1884 and Africa must unite was a profound call which has a legitimacy in the African context. Nkrumah inaugurated National Council of Ghana Women in Ghana, instituted equal pay for equal work for women and assured full pay for women on maternity leave. The Ghanaian educational system suffered greatly on two fronts: firstly, the successive Ghanaian governments cut on educational funding and the exodus of noteworthy numbers of trained and highly qualified teachers to other African countries, which necessitated the recruitment of untrained teachers in primary and middle schools. The military organization first and foremost mandate is to defend the nation from foreign and domestic aggression, but sometimes, personal ambitions and the craving for power by some key military players served to fuel coup d’état in the country in which they have no mandate of the people to govern. In some situations, officers have led a coup to regain lost prestige or to preempt an impending purge; like what happened in Ghana when two judges and a retired major were killed as enemies of the revolution on a special assignment which involved a civilian agent as part of the assassins. The European trade mission to Africa was initially established to exchange material goods as merchandise, but turned out as mercantilism, a political economy in which capitalism gave birth to the slave trade. Africans were captured to work ruthlessly in Europe and the United States of America.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Community Development Through Social Enterprise; A Case Study of a Vertical Farm Social Enterprise in Midland, Ontario for Women with a Lived Experience of Violence
    (2023-12-08) MacDonald, Haily Elizabeth; Porter, Ann
    Violence against women is prevalent across Canada. Governments and organizations, work to support women who have survived violence, but are these efforts effective? Are they addressing the root causes of violence? Often programs mandated to support women who have survived violence tend to focus on addressing immediate needs through emergency shelters, and supportive counselling. Despite the importance of such programming, they are reactive instead of preventative. Using a case study of a social enterprise (Operation Grow) in Midland Ontario that was designed to reduce poverty, food scarcity, and isolation for women who have survived sexual and/or intimate partner violence. This research takes an in-depth look at the unique needs of women who have experienced intimate partner violence and/or sexual violence, then uses these findings to articulate their unique needs, and examine how social enterprises can be designed to meet these needs. The research identified six key design elements critical for social enterprises to best support women with a lived experience of violence. These critical components include: a holistic design which supports each asset area of a woman’s life, an intersectional feminist lens and gender-based analysis, an active valuation of women’s unpaid labour, flexible programming, supports to access material resources, space for women to have and use their voices. Social enterprises must also be designed to challenge the current economic and social order and their systems that produce and uphold oppression. They ultimately must work to empower women, inclusive of their unique identities and experiences.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Pedagogy, Practice, and Parity: Prayer Experiences of Modern Orthodox Jewish Women in Toronto
    (2023-12-08) Markus, Ariella Chana; van Daalen-Smith, Cheryl; Rowley, Sherry; Schnoor, Randal
    Through the disciplinary lenses of Religion, Education, and Gender/Feminist Studies, my research discusses pedagogy, practice, and parity. I conducted research with 9 Jewish women who self-identified as being part of Toronto’s Modern Orthodox Jewish community. This stream of Judaism is unique, in that girls have the opportunity to be prayer leaders in school at a young age, even though there are no female prayer leaders in mainstream Modern Orthodox synagogues. Girls learn to pray together with boys for the first eleven years of their lives, while knowing that they will pray on the other side of a gender-partition when they become Bat Mitzvah at twelve years of age. And yet, despite being independent women with agency, and despite having many other options in Toronto’s diverse Jewish landscape, many women choose to remain in this particular community in adulthood. This retrospective research endeavour asked participants to reflect upon their adulthood prayer practices, as well as their girlhood experiences of praying in Jewish day school. Connections were explored, leading to discussions about identity construction and conceptions of self, gendered experiences, and contradictory practices. My research seeks to uncover the relationship between prayer education and identity formation for girls, and the implications that this has on women’s communal leadership roles in adulthood.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Treating Adoption Trauma with Writing Interventions
    (2023-12-08) Berg, Laura Anne; Mar, Raymond; Shivener, Rich; O'Reilly, Andrea
    Adoptees have a higher likelihood of experiencing mental health symptoms and developing mental disorders due to adoption-related trauma. Writing interventions, specifically expressive and creative writing, both show some promise in alleviating the symptoms of mental disorders. However, little research has explored whether these writing interventions can be effective in helping adoptees heal and recover from adoption trauma and related mental issues. Guided by inductive and ethnographic research methods, this study investigated how writing can help adoptees recover from adoption-related trauma. By analysing three writing workbooks, this study animates the idea that writing can help adoptees connect deeply with themselves and reconstruct their life stories. A parallel autoethnographic investigation in the form of a novel written from the perspective of the researcher as an adoptee illustrates the firsthand experiences of adoption trauma. Ultimately, this study and the book substantiate a process of healing and recovery through narrative expression and creative writing.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Chasing the Food, Chasing the Names: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Culinary Culture of Turkic Peoples of Eurasia
    (2023-08-04) Yesil, Emrah; Embleton, Sheila
    This thesis takes a critical stance on the conventional approaches to the nomadic societies based on the historical sources written by the agents of the sedentary entities and interrogates the dominant discourse regarding the nomads. It examines an essential part of the culinary heritage of the Turkic peoples in Eurasia by focusing on the primary Turkic lexical sources available. It attempts to discover the culinary and linguistic interaction among the ancestors of Turkic peoples, “the pastoral nomads” of inner Asia, and between them and their sedentary neighbors. It focuses on pastry food items consumed by these peoples since the misrepresentations of the historical accounts about the nomads tend to define and marginalize them with their alimentation. Thus, this thesis tries to challenge one of the most common arguments underpinning the traditional approach to the nomadic peoples and also means to test its validity by examining the essential lexical material available.
  • ItemOpen Access
    The Matriarchitects: The Creation and Maintenance of the British Imperial Simulacrum in the Journalism of Helen Gregory MacGill, Madge Macbeth, and Kathleen Blake Coleman
    (2023-08-04) Williams, Melanie Vanessa; McPherson, Kathryn M.
    This thesis examines the lives and work of three early Canadian women journalists, Helen Gregory MacGill, Madge Macbeth, and Kathleen Blake “Kit” Coleman. The argument expands on the work of Sara Mills in Discourses of Difference (1991), using a similar Foucauldian approach to determine constraints on the production and reception of the three women’s writings; additionally, Jean Baudrillard’s simulacrum theory is used to determine the effects produced by those writings. The analysis focuses on articles the three journalists wrote about nations beyond the control of the British empire – Japan, Spain, and Cuba respectively – using an interdisciplinary approach. By situating the three journalists within the Canadian context of British high imperialism, and then assessing their articles as travel writing rather than journalism, the impact of their work emerges: through their journalism work, MacGill, Macbeth, and Coleman contributed to the creation and maintenance of a simulacrum of the British empire.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Green Strings vs. Purse Strings -Role of Eco-Emotions in Pro-Environmental Consumer Behaviour
    (2023-08-04) Bose, Rahul; Goel, Vinod
    This study explores the influence of negative mixed emotions on consumer purchase choices in the context of environmental degradation. Previous research has focused on attitudes and emotions affecting preferences and willingness to pay, but understanding the gap between willingness to pay and actual behavior is crucial. The study uses a discrete choice experiment to examine the direct effect of "mixed integral eco-emotions" on purchase choices. Participants make a discrete purchase decision between two products with different environmental attributes and prices. Results show that eliciting mixed emotions, including sadness, anger, and guilt, significantly impacts pro-environmental purchases across various price points and product categories. The research also considers environmental attitudes, antecedents to emotions, risk attitudes, and construal level. This study emphasizes the importance of comprehending the intention-to-action gap and the role of mixed emotions in predicting pro-environmental consumer behavior, necessitating new models for understanding and explaining such behavior.
  • ItemOpen Access
    From Discourse to Reality: A Critique of the Sustainability Discourse for Activities in Earth Orbits
    (2023-08-04) Ebrahimpoor, Tanya; Berland, Jody
    Political-military-economic elites have exerted hegemonic abuse of power towards the peoples and ecosystem of Earth through production and propagation of misleading and manipulative discourses on the fundamentals of space sustainability. The elites have utilized their discursive powers to create knowledge, attitudes, and ideologies among the general public in favour of geopolitical, military, and capitalist domination, commodification, and exploitation of Earth orbits for their own benefit. Manipulative discourses on space sustainability have enabled the elites to exercise control over the minds and actions of the public while suppressing different forms of resistance and dissidence. A sociocognitive critical discourse analysis of major discourses on space sustainability demonstrates numerous ways through which the elites have led a campaign of mind control to justify their expansionist and imperialist activities in outer space, particularly in Earth orbits. The results of the analysis demonstrate the urgency of challenging and shifting the stream of manipulative discourses on space sustainability, proposing awareness raising, counter-discourse and civil movements as the most effective approaches.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Tracing Sexual Violence in Conflict as a Continuum of Violence Against Women and Girls in Northern Nigeria: Pitfalls of Law and Policies
    (2023-03-28) Nwankwo, Chidinma Umahi Odi; Mianda, Gertrude
    Sexual violence is a human rights infringement that causes harm in the lives of individuals when committed and may lead to severe complications, disabilities or even death. In Nigeria, women suffer from a chain of violence which is traced from regular times to post-conflict situations in addition to other social problems like gender discrimination, gender inequality, to name but a few. As a result, this work focuses on the experiences of Nigerian women with sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict settings in Northern Nigeria, especially with the abductions of girls in Borno and Yobe States between 2014 and 2018. This research approaches the problem through desk research using the socio-legal methodology, which draws insights from the interdisciplinary lens of human rights law, international security, and women/development using post-colonial feminist theory. The primary question this work poses is how the Nigerian National Action Plans (NAP) on Women, Peace and Security (WPS) can be utilized to help end the conflict-related sexual violence continuum in Nigeria and advance the protection of women against sexual violence? The research finds that there are insufficient policy guidelines and legal frameworks for the prevention or eradication of sexual violence in Nigeria, and where policy guidelines or frameworks exist, there has been poor or no implementation.
  • ItemOpen Access
    From Death Sentence to Disappearance: The Invisibility of West Asian LGBTQ Refugees
    (2023-03-28) Ghorbanizadeh, Mehdi; Hynie, Michaela
    West Asian queer refugees face severe oppression, such as moral exclusion, denial of existence in their home countries, and multi-marginalization in Canada, making them invisible and one of the most understudied populations. I believe the invisibility of vulnerable populations is one of the highest levels of injustice which places them at higher risks of discrimination. Despite the most visible injustice, why do they remain invisible? I began to seek answers by myself through a critical autoethnography with an analytical approach throughout my journey as a West Asian queer refugee in Iran, Turkey, and Canada to tackle the reasons behind this invisibility. In the absence of a support system locally and globally for the West Asian queer refugees, simply living, surviving, and thriving is an act of resistance. This research introduces self-acceptance and self-compassion as a strategy at a grassroots level toward visibility and equality for the West Asian queer refugee.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Theorizing Music Perception and Cognition through Visualization of Sonic Phenomena and Mood Immersion
    (2023-03-02) Hadavi, Shafagh; DeSouza, Joseph
    This thesis offers an in-depth examination of the VisualEars Project which explores music perception and cognition, as well as the experience of mood immersion through visualization of music as a sonic, gestural phenomenon by visual artists and a consequent immersive experience of simultaneous music-listening and art-observing by a widespread, virtual audience. The methodologies include ethnographic research, musical and visual analysis, self-reflexive observation, and a randomized and controlled PANAS scale to measure mood in a group. Based upon the general theories of perception such as gestalt and metaphoric understanding in musical and visual perception as well as the longstanding benefits of the arts on wellbeing, this thesis highlights cross-cultural commonalities in musical perception and demonstrates the positive impact of the exhibition on the audience’s mood.
  • ItemOpen Access
    (EDUCATION)3: AN EXPLORATION OF EMOTION, EMBODIMENT, AND EMPATHY
    (2022-12-14) Carmichael, Jennifer Lisa; Keeping, Joseph
    This research explores the role of the body in empathy with the goal of developing a pedagogical tool using storytelling. The study engaged participants in a series of mindfulness training sessions to explore whether empathy, viewed as a mode of responsiveness – a state of being – rather than a mode of cognitive access, can be enacted through non-judgmental observation of internal and external bodily sensation while engaging with narrative, a practice which I am calling willfully embodied perception. Findings indicated that a modest majority of participants did experience an increase in empathy and in empathy-motivated helping behaviour after completing the mindfulness sessions. If education systems can begin to view an empathic mode of engagement as an equally valuable alternative to an analytical mode of engagement, especially in the study of literature, I believe students will gain a more meaningful, holistic, and supported learning experience.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Amplifying the Voices of Kenyan Women in Canada: The Implicit Contradiction of the Federal Skilled Worker Program
    (2022-08-08) Mutune, Catherine Nthambi; Jacobs, Merle A.
    My own experiences and those of other women from East Africa as recently landed immigrants inspired this autoethnographic research paper regarding experiences under the Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP) in Canada and the challenges we have encountered socially, economically, and politically as we negotiate and adjust to a new culture. I wanted to make meaning of how African immigrant women negotiate race, gender, class, and ethnicity. This research responds to calls from scholars to examine why educated, racialized immigrants are experiencing downward mobility, economically and socially. It explores intersectional questions related to African women. I argue that advanced education and skill level for black African immigrant women decreases the need for targeted support and hence minimizes the need to access settlement programs and services, which can be a catalyst for falling into poverty. Key words: Skilled African Women, Federal Skilled Worker Program, Intersectionality, Settlement programs, Stories
  • ItemOpen Access
    Choose Your Own Adventure? The Experiences of Occasional Teachers in the Reproduction or Transformation of Educational Systems
    (2022-08-08) Ofori, Amma O.; Thumlert, Kurt
    This research looks at the experience of occasional teachers (OTs) in the reproduction and/or transformation of teacher roles and forms of education in schools. I examine if, how, and to what extent the experience of OTs provides opportunities for professional learning, applying teaching innovation, and exerting creative agency or, alternatively, mechanisms for deskilling and the induction into institutionalized patterns and routines. This project looks at three elements that can cause deskilling or transformative change: (1) institutional experiences and social interaction with others in the OT role; (2) experiences with curriculum, day plans, and pedagogy; and (3) teacher evaluation and professional learning opportunities. In the introduction and literature review, the project uses a narrative inquiry approach to compare my OT/LTO experiences to the research and literature on OT experiences in schools. Then I take the experience of the occasional teacher from the research literature and put them in a digital gameplay simulation form for occasional teachers (research participants) to play. Participants are invited to identify or disidentify with the avatar (OT) experience during the gameplay experience and to tell their own stories concerning gameplay events and the research questions. In my findings, I analyse the participants' responses to the OT Simulator game and reflect on how they speak to research questions.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Feeling Subtle: A Practice-Based Study of How the Body Listens, Tunes in, and Becomes Present in Performance (and in COVID-Time)
    (2022-08-08) Pederson, Kari Lynn; Couroux, Marc G.
    This is an embodied research project that explores the subtle, unseeable, unhearable forces at work within performance. It uses a common improvisational duet as its anchor, the rules for which seem paradoxical: move in perfect unison and at the same time, but neither dancer can initiate movement, both must follow. Despite this, a choreography unfolds. The structure of this research project is an exploration of why this is so, and along the way uncovers applicable information to common, yet esoteric performance techniques: listening, tuning in, and becoming present. This project posits that the improvisation works because its slowness and focus allows for a magnification of the charged affect potential between the two dancers, referred to throughout as the "bloom space." The paradoxical task of mimicking a partner in real time, without initiating movement, is an attempt to stay in or stay with the bloom space. Even though neither dancer can initiate movement, the dancers begin to move because bodies and the moment are never still; they are teeming with affect, and affect moves. The dancers are able to mimic one another through the freneticism of affect potential and kinaesthesis. The research takes place over the course of the Covid-19 pandemic, and is thus influenced by this unexpected context.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Northern familiarity
    (2022-08-08) Voz, Alix Marie; Bailey, Steven; Bain, Alison; Hadlaw, Jan
    Rooted in the disciplinary traditions of Fine Arts, Geography, and Cultural Studies, this thesis seeks to understand how an understanding of melancholy and longing related to memories of one's familiar cultural landscape illuminates a place-based Francophone cultural identity. To understand the unique elements of northern Francophone Ontarian cultural landscapes and define northern familiarities, I pose the following questions. 1) What images of Sudbury's landscape are reflective of Francophone cultural identity? 2) Does juxtaposing Sudbury's cultural landscape images with images of an estranged location highlight the unique elements of Sudbury's cultural landscape? 3) Can place-based cultural identity be defined by visualizing the affects of longing, melancholy and stranger-ness when creating art-based research of Francophone Ontarian northerners from Sudbury. The creation of 3 large paintings accompanied by 100 postcards were exhibited in Sudbury and in Toronto in search of the answers to these questions.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Hummingbird oil she breast: Testimony and Resistance in Vincentian Redemption Songs
    (2022-03-03) Haasen, Hendrika Elizabet Maria; Scott, Jamie; Taylor, Patrick; Cooper-Clark, Diana
    Negro Slavery Described by a Negro: Being the Narrative of Ashton Warner (1831), Shake Keanes The Angel Horn (2005) and H. Nigel Thomass Spirits in the Dark (1993) witness to the communities and individuals who have resisted colonialism in St. Vincent. Frantz Fanon and Stuart Hall shape the analysis of how these works demonstrate that the degradation of human beings by the imperial project is overturned by the creole culture that very undertaking has made possible. Warner testifies to the use of the British legal and political systems in support of an African derived selfhood. The Angel Horn creates solidarity with the plight of Vincentians and promises renewal through the creolization of Indigenous and non-native cultures. Spirits in the Dark appropriates syncretic religious rites to redress the alienation of a modern queer Black Caribbean. Vincentian testimonies to the creation of agency out of the cultural shards of colonialism result.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Young Terrorists or Young Innocents? Examining Canadian Public Policies and Praxis in Abandoning, Repatriating, and Integrating Children Born of ISIS's Members
    (2022-03-03) Sadek, Meray Adel Samir; Hynie, Michaela; Pourzand, Niloufar; Barras, Amelie
    This research examines the 25 Canadian children detained in Al-Hol detention camp whose mother in the camp or their family in Canada wishes they would be repatriated to their country of origin, in this case, Canada. This research analyzes the position of the Canadian government with regards to repatriation, and reviews existing policies concerning returning children with the goal of providing a safe life to the children born of ISIS parents by repatriating them to Canada from Al-Hol detention camp. The Canadian government has not taken a proactive stance with regard to these children, which has created moral, legal, political, diplomatic and security dilemmas. This thesis had found that there are no direct laws and policies in Canada that address repatriation or integration of the children of foreign fighters, which delimited the possibility of reviewing previous Canadian public policies. As a result, this research examines United States, France and United Kingdom's laws and policies to repatriation versus Canada's approaches to repatriation. The research aims to answer two central questions: What are the practices, policies, and law provisions that Canada needs to implement to ensure the children's repatriation and integration is in line with the "best interest" of the child and long-term strategic security interests of Canada? Should and can Canada adopt similar repatriation and integration policies as the United States, United Kingdom, and France? This research is organized around three complementary objectives: 1. Reviewing Canada's position on the repatriation of the children born of ISIS parents. 2. Surveying the policies put in place in the United States, United Kingdom, and France on the repatriation of the children born of ISIS parents. 3. Providing policy recommendations for Canada in order to help these children in accessing basic justice care and be repatriated to Canada.