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YorkSpace

YorkSpace is York University's Institutional Repository. It supports York University's Senate Policy on Open Access by providing York community members with a place to preserve their research online in an institutional context.

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Recent Submissions

ItemOpen Access
The origin of Easter bunnies
(2024) St.Onge, Anna
This is a summary of my extensive research into the phenomenon of bunnies at Easter.
ItemOpen Access
Hey, it's Easter!
(2024) Quail, Stephanie
A song about Easter
ItemOpen Access
The Expectation and Learning Impact Framework (ELIF): Evaluating diversity, equity, and inclusion professional development events for academic librarians
(The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 2021-10-28) Dali, Keren; Bell, Norda; Valdes, Zachary
This study examines the experiences of academic librarians in Canada and the U.S. at diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) professional development events (PDE) and makes recommendations for improving PDE on DEI. It pursues the following overarching research problem: What accounts for the effectiveness of learning at DEI PDEs and what makes PDEs impactful and memorable? The study is framed through select theories of learning, epistemologically guided by hermeneutic phenomenology, and relies on the critical incident approach and qualitative self-administered survey, enriched by descriptive statistics. It results in the analytical Expectation and Learning Impact Framework (ELIF) for organizing DEI-related PDEs and a specific Checklist of recommendations for improving PDEs. This research will benefit academic librarians, LIS educators, as well as anyone wishing to organize meaningful DEI events. This is particularly instrumental when librarians have a wide variety of events to choose from but limited time and funding for attending them. It is also hoped that this study findings will expand an understanding of DEI PDEs, in general.
ItemOpen Access
Subjective and objective spatial memory and navigation abilities in aging and amnesia
(2024-03-16) Pishdadian, Sara; Rosenbaum, R. Shayna
Compared to the extensive research on how older adults evaluate their memory abilities, the evaluation of subjective spatial navigation abilities is understudied. This dissertation was guided by four research objectives: 1) Investigate the psychometric properties of a subjective spatial navigation questionnaire to assess the nature and extent of self-reported changes to spatial navigation in neurotypical aging; 2) Determine the relationship among subjective assessments of spatial navigation and of memory and how they relate to psychological distress and objective memory performance; 3) Understand the impact of hippocampal damage on subjective awareness of areas of spared and impaired episodic and spatial memory; and 4) Identify more precisely the conditions in which spatial memory and navigation depend on hippocampal integrity. In study 1, multidimensional item response theory was used to evaluate the factor structure and item reliability of the novel Changes in Navigation Questionnaire (CNQ) in a community sample of older adults. Results showed that the CNQ has a reliable factor structure, with items falling under typical and atypical changes. In study 2, the relationship between subjective spatial navigation and metamemory in aging was investigated using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that the subjective spatial navigation and metamemory constructs had a positive, weak correlation. Objective episodic memory performance did not load onto metamemory, and allocentric spatial memory performance had a weak loading onto spatial navigation abilities. Psychological distress symptoms had stronger loadings on metamemory than spatial navigation abilities. In study 3, two individuals with hippocampal amnesia completed questionnaires assessing metamemory and spatial navigation abilities and were compared to age-, gender-, and education-matched controls. The individuals with amnesia reported sound awareness of metamemory and spatial navigation difficulties. Lastly, in study 4, these individuals’ performance on a videogame wayfinding measure was compared with that of thousands of well-matched controls. The individuals showed distinct patterns of impairment and preservation on the tasks. These dissertation results show that subjective spatial navigation abilities can be reliably captured with questionnaires, are weakly related to metamemory, and that accurate self-evaluation is not contingent on intact episodic memory. The findings also highlight specific aspects of navigation that are hippocampal dependent.
ItemOpen Access
A Numerical Modelling Approach to Study the Impact of Ventilation Configurations on Airborne Transmission in Indoor Environments
(2024-03-16) Khan, Arma Mantissa; Freire-Gormaly, Marina
The airborne transmission of COVID-19 has been a topic of significant controversy since the pandemic began. Research was needed to demonstrate the importance of airborne transmission and develop tools to recommend appropriate control measures. This study aimed to analyze the factors that impact airborne transmission, find techniques for infection risk minimization, and develop methods to compare different control measures on infection risk. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies were conducted to analyze the impact of ventilation layout and infection source location in indoor spaces. A novel spatio-temporal risk model was further developed to quantify the risk in indoor spaces based on different control measures. Conclusions have been made that the ventilation layout and infection source locations can significantly impact the risk of airborne transmitted infection. Further research into building design and airborne transmission minimization techniques is urgently needed to prepare for airborne infectious diseases that may emerge in the future.