Rotondi, MichaelWong, Octavia Chi Yan2019-11-222019-11-222019-082019-11-22http://hdl.handle.net/10315/36797Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) prevalence in Indigenous communities is higher than in the general population. Objective: To determine the risk and protective factors associated with MDD among Indigenous peoples living in Toronto. Database: Our Health Counts Toronto (OHCT) database, the largest urban Indigenous health study of 897 Indigenous adult participants, was accessed for analysis. Methods: Performed analyses using weighted generalized linear mixed modelling approaches. Results: Factors protecting against MDD include having a strong connection to Indigenous identity, smoking, and hallucinogen use. Risk factors for MDD include only completing a high school education and use of cannabis, crack, and amphetamine. Conclusion: The findings in this study suggest potential areas for preemptive measures against MDD, including establishing programs to help support a strong sense of cultural identity.Author owns copyright, except where explicitly noted. Please contact the author directly with licensing requests.PsychologyElectronic Thesis or Dissertation2019-11-22respondent-driven samplinggeneralized linear mixed modelmajor depressive disorderurban Indigenous communitiesIndigenous adults in Toronto