Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies

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Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies

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Open Access
A Brief Examination of the Shifting Economic Policies in the Advanced Economies (particularly in Canada’s) from the 1930’s to the 1970’s.
(2017) Amaya, Sebastian
Open Access
A Female Doctor (Medica) at Augusta Emerita (Mérida)? Re-examining CIL II 497 from Humanist Readings to the Latest Digital Epigraphy Techniques
(UPV/EHU Press, 2022-02-21) Edmondson, Jonathan Charles
This paper provides a critical re-examination of a funerary altar (CIL II 497) from Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Spain). It explores the strengths and weaknesses of all previous editions of the text from its first publication in 1633 to the present day, providing a critical review of the development of epigraphic scholarship on Mérida during this long period. Given the problems of all previous editions, including CIL II 497, it then re-examines the altar using traditional epigraphic methods alongside the latest digital techniques (especially Morphological Residual Modelling, M.R.M.) to provide a new edition of the text, while setting the presence of a female doctor at the provincial capital of Lusitania into the broader social context of medical practitioners in Rome’s western provinces.
Open Access
A Summer with the Mohawk Language
(2016) Cook, Jazz
Open Access
The Accessibility of Elections to Canadians with Cognitive Disabilities
(2020-09) Lai, Jennifer; Spotton Visano, Brenda
It is enshrined in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms that all Canadian citizens are guaranteed the right to vote. This research paper explores whether persons with cognitive disabilities are able to exercise this right based on the accessibility provisions provided for in Canadian electoral law. A mixed methodology approach was used to investigate this topic, where qualitative interviews with persons with cognitive disabilities from countries and regions with similar social and policy contexts to Canada’s were used to identify facilitators and barriers to voting. Canada’s 14 different electoral acts were ranked based on the number of accessibility provisions they possessed that could facilitate voting. Ontario was identified as the jurisdiction with the most provisions that could facilitate voting in persons with cognitive disabilities. Trends in the secondary sourced data also revealed that a lack of electoral knowledge and a lack of social support were the most significant barriers to voting for persons with cognitive disabilities. A supportive social network was unanimously identified in the secondary data as a significant facilitator to voting. In fact, it was identified in the secondary data sources that persons with cognitive disabilities that did not have a supportive social network were unable to use the existing accessibility provisions in their region. This finding represents the limitations of Canada’s current accessibility provisions in their ability to facilitate voting for persons with cognitive disabilities. None of Canada’s provisions mandate that social service workers or election officials ensure that persons with cognitive disabilities receive the support they need to understand the electoral process prior to election day. This research paper makes the recommendation that such policy provisions are implemented in Canadian electoral law in order to increase the accessibility of elections to Canadians with cognitive disabilities.
Open Access
The Advocate Self of(f) Beaten Paths: Travelling Colonial Roads in Neoliberal Times
(2020-04) Koziorz, Dorothy
Social work often conceptualizes advocacy as synonymous with social justice and critical praxis (Smith, 2011), which seemingly affirms the heart of the social work profession. Though many claim an advocacy role or agree that advocacy is essential to social works cause, little is known about how the advocate self is constructed, understood, and practiced. 6 self-defined, Ontario-based child and youth advocates were interviewed in this study to explore how they engage in their own self-making processes; specifically advocates for children and youth who are involved in the child welfare system. This research is informed by post-structural, anti-colonial, anti-racist, and other critical theories and worldviews. It deploys a narrative approach and an analytic framework of Foucauldian discourse analysis to explore how child and youth advocates are shaped by, and in turn, shape dominant relations of power that work against, or in solidarity with children and young people towards social justice. Findings reveal that the roads travelled by child and youth advocates in their self-making processes are complex and ever-changing. The narratives of child and youth advocates reveal that they are both co-producers and disrupters of dominant discourses and power-knowledge systems. Additionally, it is argued that the advocate self is not a bounded self, but that it is “discursively mediated and politically situated” (Macias, 2012 p. 10). Finally, the research concludes with an argument for the necessity to historicize social justice imperatives in order to gain insight to the current tensions experienced by social justice advocates and further, opportunities for resistance.
Open Access
Alienation Redux: Marxian Perspectives
(Alienation Redux: Marxian Perspectives | SpringerLink, 2021-05) Musto, Marcello
Alienation was one of the most important and widely debated themes of the twentieth century and Marx’s reflections on this concept defined significant moments in its dissemination. Most of the authors who initially wrote on alienation considered it a universal aspect of human existence. Additionally, after World War II the popularity of the concept created a profound terminological ambiguity. The diffusion of Marx’s oeuvre paved the way for a conception of alienation geared to the overcoming of this phenomenon in practice—to the political action of social movements, parties and trade unions to change the working and living conditions of the working class. Marx’s writings on alienation provided not only a coherent theoretical basis for new studies of this concept, but above all an anti-capitalist ideological platform for the labour movement. Alienation left the books of philosophers took to the streets and became a critique of bourgeois society.
Open Access
An Examination of How Dominant Notions of Normalcy Inform the Experiences of Non- White Subjects Living with Chronic Illness
(2018) Iyer, Minakshi
The subject of normalcy within critical disability studies explores the dichotomy of normal and abnormal and how this informs the way disability is discussed within society. Using a post-structural and critical approach, this research has examined the intersections between race and disability within the narratives of non-white subjects living with chronic illness. What this research reflects is a global conversation regarding the ways in which capitalism, whiteness and ability impart limitations upon participants in this study, and how community activism and friendship serve as a form of empowerment and solace while navigating these structures of dominance.
Open Access
Analysis of Korean Word-Initial Stops: A Phonetic Study on Non-Native Speakers of Korean
(2024) Fraser, Corey; Narayan, Chandan
The present study is focused on analyzing the non-native production of the Korean three-way laryngeal contrast, particularly within the context of Korean plosives. The central aim is to investigate how non-native speakers produce this novel three-way distinction, in line with established studies such as those conducted by Chang (2009) and Seo et al., (2020). These studies have identified notable variation in how L2 learners realize this phonemic distinction, revealing that non-native speakers often exhibit diverse phonetic realizations. This research seeks 12 to expand upon these findings by providing a more nuanced understanding of these variations, particularly in relation to the phonetic cues used by non-native speakers. Furthermore, the study aims to explore the effects of proficiency on the production of the three-way laryngeal contrast. Building on the work of Ryu (2017), which demonstrated that L2 learners with higher proficiency levels in Korean are better able to perceive distinct phonemes compared to less proficient learners, this study will further investigate how proficiency influences production accuracy and the ability to achieve the novel three-way distinction. By examining these proficiency effects, the research intends to contribute valuable insights into how varying levels of language proficiency impact the acquisition of complex phonemic contrasts.
Open Access
Analyzing Costco’s supply chain responsiveness through lean and agile strategies
(2022-09-16) Persaud, Teesha; Solis, Adriano O.
Supply chain responsiveness contributes to efficient supply chain performance. Supply chain responsiveness refers to effectively and efficiently meeting customer’s needs in a timely manner. This paper considers the supply chain strategies and practices that lead to the supply chain responsiveness of Costco when compared to its major competitors, Wal-Mart and Loblaws. The evaluation and comparison of key financial performance measures as well as various statistical analyses identify the supply chain strategies that benefit Costco and its competitors. The paper presents a contribution to existing supply chain literature through the in-depth analysis conducted of different supply chain performance measures for three major retailers in Canada - Costco, Wal-Mart and Loblaws. This analysis evaluates a 23-year period from 1999 to 2021. The analysis also contributes to the existing literature on the use of supply chain strategies, such as leanness and agility in the retail industry, Costco’s practices of just-in-time (JIT) inventory management and cross-docking as well as specific characteristics of Costco’s supply chain practices. The findings of the analysis lead to the validation of assertions and propositions of earlier researchers. These include the importance of employing complementary supply chain practices together as well as a focus on aligning supply chain strategies with the company’s corporate strategy. These understandings contribute to the achievement of supply chain responsiveness by encouraging cohesion and balance amongst supply chain strategies.
Open Access
Angola’s Challenges
(2018) Pattni, Noorin
Open Access
Another soldier in the territory of valeria
(2020-01-01) Edmondson, J.; Pascual, H. G.
The article presents the editio princeps of a fragmentary inscription from the territory of the municipium of Valeria. A single block is preserved of a monumental epitaph that was built into a mausoleum, which commemorates a deceased soldier who had won military decorations including two or more torques during his military service in the first decades of the first century A.D.
Open Access
Applying Critical Race Theory to Explore Services Needs and Pathways to Inclusion for African, Caribbean, and Black Youth in the Greater Toronto Area
(2024) Nembhard, Justin
Despite comprising a significant 8.7% of the Greater Toronto Area’s population and enriching the city’s cultural landscape (Statistics Canada, 2022), African, Caribbean, Black youths face a harsh reality of unemployment rates doubling the national and provincial average (City of Toronto, 2017). This underscores the urgent need to understand and address these systemic inequities. This research applies Critical Race Theory to investigate how systemic anti-Black racism shapes the well-being, service needs, and pathways to inclusion of African Caribbean Black youths in the Greater Toronto Area. Leveraging a virtual digital ethnography approach, this study analyzes secondary data to augment the voices of African, Caribbean, Black youths. The key themes that emerged from the analysis are centring African and Caribbean Black youth voices, dismantling institutional anti-Black racism, transformative change, Anti-oppressive approaches, and systemic anti-Black racism and its impact. This research aims to inform the development of anti-racist interventions and promote pathways to inclusion that aids in the dismantlement of systemic barriers which has the ability to empower ACB youth to thrive within the GTA.
Open Access
Ascensão e queda do pacto populista em Cuba, 1934-1959
(Tempo, 2012-07) McGillivray, Gillian
O regime que pôs fim aos “100 dias de reforma” em Cuba é rotulado com frequência como “contrarrevolução” quando, na verdade, a expressão mais apropriada seria a de “populismo autoritário”. O novo regime não reverteu a Revolução de 1933; muito pelo contrário, suas lideranças valeram-se da violência combinada com reformas revolucionárias como forma de incorporar, de maneira compulsória, um número cada vez maior de pessoas em um novo e ampliado sistema estatal de liderança. Fulgencio Batista recebeu o apoio de parte da classe trabalhadora ao longo do período democrático que vigorou durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, mas o anticomunismo da Guerra Fria desestabilizou seu regime, esvaziando o populismo cubano de grande parte da sua substância.
Open Access
Asylum Law in North America
(Springer, 2022-02-16) Soennecken, Dagmar
Canada and the United States are both international leaders in the admission of refugees. The chapter first discusses and compares the domestic asylum determination system in Canada with that of the United States, followed by an overview of their respective refugee resettlement programs overseas, which largely take place outside of the rule of law. The Canadian section includes an overview of the 2002 Canada-US Safe Third Country Agreement (STCA), which remains in effect but has twice been challenged on constitutional grounds thus far. The chapter makes reference to the tension between domestic constitutional norms, the rights of refugees in international law (Hathaway, The rights of refugees under international Law, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2021), and the growing preference of both Canada and the United States to treat refugees as “migrant[s] who the government may have reason to select” (Galloway Rights and the re-identified refugee: An analysis of recent shifts in Canadian law. In Kneebone S, Stevens D, Baldassar L (eds) Refugee protection and the role of Law: conflicting identities. Routledge, London and New York, 2014, 38) by securitizing asylum and by deterritorializing their borders throughout. It shows that this preference is at least in part anchored in a much older tradition of admitting refugees via discretionary humanitarian admission schemes, shielded from judicial oversight.
Open Access
Barriers and paths to success: Latin American MBAs' views of employment in Canada
(Emerald, 2010) Turchick-Hakak, Luciana; Holzinger, Ingo; Zikic, Jelena
Purpose - This paper aims to examine perceived barriers and paths to success for Latin American immigrant professionals in the Canadian job market Design/methodology/approach - Findings are based on 20 semi-structured interviews with Latin American graduates of Canadian MBA programs. Interviews were analyzed for emergent categories and common themes. Findings - Despite their strong educational backgrounds, participants perceived several challenges to their success in the Canadian workplace, specifically, language barriers, lack of networks, cultural differences and discrimination. They also identified factors that influenced their professional success in Canada, such as homophilious networks and their Latin American background Research limitations/implications - By investigating stories of Latin American immigrant professionals, the study explores subjective views of immigration experiences and discrimination in this unique and rarely examined group. A larger sample will increase the confidence of the study's findings and future studies should examine dynamics of these issues over time. Originalitylvalue - This paper presents insight onto the labor market experiences and coping mechanisms of the currently understudied group of Latin American immigrant professionals in Canada. The study's qualitative approach enabled the examination of challenges experienced by immigrant professionals beyond those typically studied in this literature (e.g. devaluation of foreign credentials) and led to the finding that being Latin American can act both as a disadvantage in the form of discrimination and as an advantage as it differentiates immigrant professionals from other job seekers.
Open Access
Batoche National Historic Site
(2017) Gibbs, Robert
Open Access
Becoming a leader: the challenge of modesty for women
(Emerald, 2010) Budworth, Marie-Helene; Mann, Sara L.
Purpose - While the number of women in managerial positions has been increasing, the gender composition of top management teams is skewed. There are barriers and obstacles in place that limit the movement of women into leadership roles. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between modesty and access to leadership. Specifically, tendencies toward modesty and lack of self-promotion are hypothesized to perpetuate the lack of female involvement in top management positions. Design/methodology/approach - The literature on modesty and self-promotion is reviewed. The findings are discussed in terms of the persistent challenges faced by women with regard to their ability to enter senior levels of management. Findings - The overall message of the paper is that behaviours that are successful for males in the workplace are not successful for females. The good news is that women do not need to adopt male ways of being in order to succeed. A limitation is that the paper is largely "uni-cultural", as the research referenced is primarily that undertaken in a North American context. Self-promotion and modesty may be conceptualized differently in other contexts. Originality/value - The paper is one of the first to focus on modesty, an important gendered individual difference, to explain persistent workplace inequalities.
Open Access
Bodies are not ‘Tools’: A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis on Embodiment in Social Work
(2024) Walker, Megn
Social work has historically focused on managing bodies without adequately addressing the implications of the mind/body split. As the social work profession is beginning to embrace embodiment practices, I was interested in learning how social work scholars understand the impacts of mind/body split, what practices are being suggested to re-negotiate this binary, and how certain discourses frame bodies as ‘tools’ for social work. Drawing from Foucauldian discourse analysis and genealogical methodology, I explore the roots of the mind/body split in white supremacy culture, settler colonialism, and neoliberal capitalism. By pointing to the history of social work's complicity in perpetuating the mind/body split and the need for a shift in theoretical perspectives around embodiment, I propose a critical embodiment theory to challenge existing paradigms and open new avenues for both micro and macro social work. While my research is focused on theory, it holds significant material implications. We stand at a pivotal moment where the integration of embodiment into social work practice could foster decolonial and resistance-oriented approaches, or continue to reinforce the mind/body split through perpetuating white supremacy culture and neoliberal practices.
Open Access
Breaking Barriers: The Impact of Peer Support on Mental Health among South Asian Youth
(2024) Malungu, Marthroot
Numerous studies have reported a steady rise in mental health concerns within South Asian Canadians that are often left untreated and unmet. South Asian Canadian youth (15+ years old) in particular have been reported as one of the least likely groups to access mental health supports that are readily available to them. This qualitative study sought to investigate the service access barriers experienced by South Asian youth populations in Canada and explore the potential peer support interventions may have on mitigating the barriers to mental health access. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with South Asian youth (16-25 years old) living in Peel Region (Brampton, Mississauga, Caledon), that is home to a significant proportion of Ontario’s South Asian population. Participants (n=19) shared their personal experience regarding accessing mental health support and peer support. The data was analyzed utilizing a thematic analysis approach. The study revealed how, despite obvious limitations such as adequate training, turning to peer support and mental health supports offered in school settings helped the youth to navigate their issues. They offered recommendations for how peer support programs could be structured and explained to South Asian communities in order to improve youth mental health. These findings suggest a potential role peer support interventions may provide through alignment with South Asian youth’s cultural identity to address the barriers that have arisen in mental health access.
Open Access
Bring Me the Wind
(2017) Morris, Danielle