Department of Sociology

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Open Access
The Rediscovery of Karl Marx
(Cambridge University Press & Assessment, 2007-11) Musto, Marcello
Few men have shaken the world like Karl Marx. His death, almost unnoticed, was followed by echoes of fame in such a short period of time that few comparisons could be found in history. His name was soon on the lips of the workers of Detroit and Chicago, as on those of the first Indian socialists in Calcutta. His image formed the background of the congress of the Bolsheviks in Moscow after the revolution. His thought inspired the programmes and statutes of all the political and union organizations of the workers' movement, from Europe to Shanghai.
Open Access
History, production and method in the 1857 ‘Introduction’
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2008) Musto, Marcello
In 1857 Marx was convinced that the financial crisis developing at international level had created the conditions for a new revolutionary period throughout Europe. He had been waiting for this moment ever since the popular insurrections of 1848, and now that it finally seemed to have come he did not want events to catch him unprepared. He therefore decided to resume his economic studies and to give them a finished form.
Open Access
Dissemination and reception of the Grundrisse in the world: Introduction
(Routledge, 2008) Musto, Marcello
Having abandoned the Grundrisse in May 1858 to make room for work on A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Marx used parts of it in composing this latter text but then almost never drew on it again. In fact, although it was his habit to invoke his own previous studies, even to transcribe whole passages from them, none of the preparatory manuscripts for Capital, with the exception of those of 1861-3, contains any reference to the Grundrisse. It lay among all the other drafts that he had no intention of bringing into service as he became absorbed in solving more specific problems than they had addressed.
Open Access
Difusão e recepção dos Grundrisse no mundo
(Crítica Marxista, 2009) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Dissemination and Reception of The Communist Manifesto in Italy: From the Origins to 1945
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2009-05) Musto, Marcello
Contrary to the predictions that after 1989 Karl Marx would fall into oblivion, Marx has returned to the attention of international scholars. One hundred and sixty years after it was written, the Manifesto of the Communist Party is celebrated as the text which contains the most formidable prediction of capitalist development on a world scale. This article considers how the writings of Marx and Engels were translated and assimilated in Italy, from its first appearance in 1889 to 1945 and, more generally, explores the misinterpretations of the fortune of Marx's works in Italy. From a close examination of the press of the newly established workers' movement and the first socialist writings, the reality of a counterfeited and theoretically impoverished 'Marxism' emerges. Antonio Labriola's Essays on the Materialist Conception of History, which were published between 1895 and 1897, were the only works in Italy that offered a rigorous interpretation capable of measuring up to the European levels of Marxism. Through the historiographical reconstruction of translated works and the development of the interpretations of Marx and Engels' The Communist Manifesto, this article considers the debate on the 'crisis of Marxism' of the late 19th century in which Benedetto Croce was the most important figure, the limitations of the diffusion of Marx's theories in the Italian Socialist Party, the struggle between reformist and the union-revolutionary revisionism of the early 20th century and the repression of 20 years of fascism.
Open Access
Karl Marx : o charme indiscreto da incompletude
(Outubro Revista, 2010-01) Musto, Marcello
Com a retomada, em 1998, das publicações da Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA 2), o pensamento de Karl Marx pode ser recuperado, de maneira não instrumental, por pesquisadores do mundo todo. Ao longo das publicações anteriores, sua obra foi marcada por uma profunda e reiterada incompreensão, consequência das tentativas de sistematização mecânica de sua teoria crítica, pelo empobrecimento que acompanhou sua popularização, pela manipulação e censura de seus escritos e pelo uso instrumental dos mesmos para fins políticos. Agora, a incompletude dessa obra pode se destacar e, desobstruída pelas interpretações que anteriormente a deformaram, tornar-se, até mesmo, sua negação.
Open Access
The Formation of Marx's Critique of Political Economy: From the Studies of 1843 to the Grundrisse
(Taylor & Francis, 2010-07) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Revisiting Marx's Concept of Alienation
(Taylor & Francis, 2010-12) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
A formação da crítica de Marx à economia política : Dos estudos de 1843 ao Grundrisse
(Crítica Marxista, São Paulo, Ed. Unesp, 2011) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Revisitando a concepção de alienação em Marx
(Marx e a dialética da sociedade civil, 2014-06-23) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
Notes on the History of the International
(Taylor & Francis, 2014-08) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
The ‘Young Marx’ Myth in Interpretations of the Economic–Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2015-08) Musto, Marcello
Focusing on the dissemination and reception history of the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, this article will critically examine the famous controversy surrounding the relationship between Marx’s ‘early’ and ‘mature’ writings. A review of all the major books published worldwide (especially in Germany, France, the Soviet Union and English-speaking countries) on Marx’s early writings is followed by a plea for a new and rigorous reading of Marx’s Paris manuscripts, which have been wrongly considered by almost all interpreters as a finished work. Careful textual analysis of the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 alongside the so-called Paris notebooks makes it possible to refute conceptions of the former as a fully fledged text either prefiguring Marx’s thought as a whole (as Landshut or the French existentialists argued) or advancing a well-defined theory opposed to that of Marx’s ‘scientific’ maturity (as Marxist–Leninist orthodoxy or Althusser claimed).
Open Access
A Europa em tempo de crise
(Crítica Marxista, São Paulo, Ed. Unesp, 2016) Musto, Marcello
Resumo O artigo analisa a política dos governos neoliberais nos diferentes países da União Europeia, o crescimento dos partidos de direita nesses países e as iniciativas e dificuldades dos partidos da esquerda radical para apresentar uma alternativa anticapitalista que obtenha apoio dos trabalhadores europeus. Aborda as discussões sobre estratégia entre as forças de esquerda.
Open Access
The Post-1989 Radical Left in Europe: Results and Prospects
(Taylor & Francis, 2017-06) Musto, Marcello
Open Access
A última viagem do Mouro
(Marx e o Marxismo - Revista do NIEP-Marx, 2017-06-02) Musto, Marcello
Apoiando-se nas correspondências de Marx, Engels, seus familiares e amigos, o artigo descreve as circunstâncias e acontecimentos dos dois últimos anos de vida de Marx. Destaca-se, particularmente, a viagem de Marx à Argélia, motivada por tratamento médico, cuja importância muitas vezes é negligenciada mesmo em renomadas biogra as. O estudo revela preocupações de Marx com a reconstituição da história universal, com a condição dos árabes, com as possibilidades revolu-cionárias da Rússia e com a sequência de seu trabalho teórico (O Capital).
Open Access
The Writing of Capital: Genesis and Structure of Marx’s Critique of Political Economy
(Taylor & Francis, 2018-01) Musto, Marcello
The debate on the structure of Marx's Capital, and on the probable explanations for the changes he made to the initial ‘six books plan’, has always been a relevant topic in Marxist studies. This article provides a more exhaustive account of the genesis of Capital, on the basis of a revisitation of Marx's intellectual biography during the 1860s, and of the publication of all preparatory manuscripts of Marx's magnum opus, recently appeared in the MEGA2, the historical-critical edition of the complete works of Marx and Engels.
Open Access
Introduction
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2019) Musto, Marcello
Few men have shaken the world as Karl Marx did. His death, almost unnoticed in the mainstream press, was followed by echoes of fame in such a short period of time that few comparisons can be found in history. His name was soon on the lips of the workers in Detroit and Chicago, as on those of the ﬁrst Indian socialists in Calcutta. His banner image formed the backdrop at the ﬁrst Bolshevik congress in Moscow after the revolution. His thought inspired the programmes and statutes of all the political and union organizations of the workers’ movement, from continental Europe to Shanghai. His ideas changed philosophy, history and economics – irreversibly.
Open Access
Introduction: The Unfinished Critique of Capital
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2019) Musto, Marcello
Karl Marx started to write Capital after he had begun his rigorous studies of political economy. A momentary alleviation of the huge economic problems that had beset him for years allowed Marx to spend more time on his studies and to make significant theoretical advances. Marx also paid special attention to various economists opposed to Ricardian theory, such as the socialist Thomas Hodgskin. Marx also informed Friedrich Engels that, feeling ‘more or less able to work again’, he was determined to ‘cast the weight off his shoulders’ and therefore intended to ‘make a fair copy of the political economy for the printers. In August, Marx wrote to Ludwig Kugelmann that ‘accumulated debts’ had become ‘a crushing mental burden’ and that he had even been thinking of moving to the United States. Marx had to spend much more time on the translation than he had planned for the proof correction.
Open Access
Marx’s Critique of German Social Democracy: From the International to the Political Struggles of the 1870s
(https://www.palgrave.com/gp, 2019) Musto, Marcello
The workers’ organizations that founded the International Working Men’s Association in 1864 were something of a motley. The central driving forces were British trade unionism and the mutualists, long dominant in France but strong also in Belgium and French-speaking Switzerland. Alongside these two components, there were the communists, grouped around the figure of Karl Marx, elements that had nothing to do with the socialist tradition, such as the followers of Giuseppe Mazzini, and some groups of French, Belgian and Swiss workers who joined the International with a variety of confused theories, some of a utopian inspiration. The General Association of German Workers—the party led by followers of Ferdinand Lassalle—never affiliated to the International but orbited around it. This organization was hostile to trade unionism and conceived of political action in rigidly national terms.
Open Access
Marx and the Politics of Emancipation
(Economic & Political Weekly, 2019-06) Musto, Marcello
In the first part of the 1860s, Karl Marx’s journalistic and scholarly interest in diplomacy and international politics drove him to focus his attention towards two prominent historical events. The first was the outbreak of the American Civil War, when seven slaveholding states declared their secession from the United States. The second was the uprising of the Polish people against Russian occupation. Marx’s analysis of these historic episodes also influenced his political efforts through the International Working Men’s Association. How Marx’s studies of both these events were relevant for his theoretical development and his political engagement is examined.